Article discusses the current knowledge around the people who lived in the Bay Area and re-dates the beginning to 6500 years ago based on new analysis of findings. The first groups were hunter gatherers while the latest group, the Ohlone, established villages and may have raised crops. New techniques for analysis of age of items are discussed including obsidian hydration and obsidian souring. by analysis of water in obsidian scientist can better determine the age of the tool and analyzing the elements in obsidian can help establish where the tool came from. This may establish trading routes and interconnections between tribes even as far as the Eastern Sierra.