["itemContainer",{"xmlns:xsi":"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance","xsi:schemaLocation":"http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd","uri":"https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/items/browse?tags=Education&%3Bsort_field=added&%3Bsort_dir=a&sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CCreator&page=2&output=omeka-json","accessDate":"2024-03-29T05:05:48-07:00"},["miscellaneousContainer",["pagination",["pageNumber","2"],["perPage","10"],["totalResults","96"]]],["item",{"itemId":"4747","public":"1","featured":"1"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"23949"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/f5a4831ebd385767b60a2d48411e0337.pdf"],["authentication","45195b28186a98e0d81ddb231f4d2193"],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"7"},["name","PDF Text"],["description"],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"94"},["name","Text"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894784"},["text","���"]]]]]]]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"3"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"109713"},["text","Local News Index"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"109714"},["text","An index to newspaper and periodical articles from a variety of Santa Cruz publications.\r\n"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1840006"},["text","It is a collection of over 87,000 articles, primarily from the Santa Cruz Sentinel, that have been clipped and filed in subject folders. While these articles of local interest range in date from the early 1900's to the present, most of the collection and clipped articles are after roughly 1960. There is an ongoing project to scan the complete articles and include them in this collection.
Also included are more than 350 full-text local newspaper articles on films and movie-making and on the Japanese-American internment.
In addition, this is an online index for births, deaths, and personal names from The Mountain Echo. The complete print index is available at the library. For more information see The Mountain Echo."]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1840007"},["text","Most of the indexed articles are available on microfilm in the Californiana Room or in the clipping files in the Local History Room at the Downtown branch. Copies of individual articles may be available by contacting the Reference Department - Ask Us.
\n
"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894645"},["text","While there is some overlap between this index and the Historic Newspaper Index (approximately 1856-1960), they are different databases and are searched separately."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839995"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"1"},["name","Document"],["description","A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"7"},["name","Original Format"],["description","If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124591"},["text","PAPER"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124576"},["text","Learning the Ropes: Swanton cowboys find their home on the range"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124577"},["text","Swanton"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124578"},["text","Cattle"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124579"},["text","Ranches"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124580"},["text","Scott Creek"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124592"},["text","Education"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124581"},["text","Guzman, Isaiah"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124582"},["text","Santa Cruz Magazine, v5n3, p 42-44."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124583"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124584"},["text","2010-Fall"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124585"},["text","TEXT"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124586"},["text","EN"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124587"},["text","ARTICLE"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"43"},["name","Identifier"],["description","An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124588"},["text","SCM-V5N3-42"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124589"},["text","North Coast"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124590"},["text","Reproduced by permission of Santa Cruz Sentinel Publishers."]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"9"},["name","Education"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"75857","public":"1","featured":"1"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"13685"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/6f371f753510cdca128b07f7d6d917d9.jpg"],["authentication","43ce9ecb306fc7d70bcbe34922ad6327"]],["file",{"fileId":"13686"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/248c86bc1445fa81736d32b82430249e.jpg"],["authentication","ffafee56428780b547fd6dcbd6a14219"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"5"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"112573"},["text","Postcard Collection"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"267483"},["text","Postcards, scanned front and back, depicting Santa Cruz County from the 1880’s to the present."]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1840005"},["text","See the About section for the library's reproduction policy and restrictions on use."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839998"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"6"},["name","Still Image"],["description","A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type \"text\" to images of textual materials."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"7"},["name","Original Format"],["description","If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1063553"},["text","POSTCARD"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"10"},["name","Physical Dimensions"],["description","The actual physical size of the original image."],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1063554"},["text","3 1/2 x 5 1/2"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1063544"},["text","High School [and] Grammer [sic] School"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1063545"},["text","Elston, Deborah Maddock"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1063546"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1063547"},["text","IMAGE"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1063548"},["text","EN"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1063549"},["text","POSTCARD"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"43"},["name","Identifier"],["description","An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1063550"},["text","PC-ELSTON-007"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1063551"},["text","Boulder Creek"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1063552"},["text","This postcard is the property of Deborah Maddock Elston."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1063638"},["text","Issued by the San Lorenzo Valley Board of Trade"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1063783"},["text","Schools-Public"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1063784"},["text","Boulder Creek High School"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1063785"},["text","Boulder Creek Grammar School"]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"9"},["name","Education"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"135461","public":"1","featured":"1"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"36279"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/dd5866c4e29313382829b9f6d3eff77f.jpg"],["authentication","a2f76d66309f46f612fdf96823f5b4f9"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"9"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"127597"},["text","Photograph Collection"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"267482"},["text","Photographs from the 1860's to the 2000's, documenting the history of Santa Cruz County.\r\n"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1840003"},["text","See the About sectionfor the library's reproduction policy and restrictions on use."]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1840004"},["text","Various sources were used to identify persons, events, and places. Citations to print sources were abbreviated. See the About section for a list of sources used."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1840000"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"6"},["name","Still Image"],["description","A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type \"text\" to images of textual materials."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"7"},["name","Original Format"],["description","If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930995"},["text","Photo"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"10"},["name","Physical Dimensions"],["description","The actual physical size of the original image."],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930996"},["text","Digital Photo"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"43"},["name","Identifier"],["description","An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930980"},["text","LH-lm-69603-15"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930981"},["text","C.T. English Middle School"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930982"},["text","C.T. English Middle School"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930983"},["text","Schools-Public"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930984"},["text","Landmark Photo Project"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930985"},["text","Summit Area, 23800 Summit Road Los Gatos"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930986"},["text","Jaeger-Smith, Heidi"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930987"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930988"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930989"},["text","May-01"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930990"},["text","2000s"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930991"},["text","Santa Cruz (County)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930992"},["text","Image"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930993"},["text","En"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930994"},["text","PHOTO"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930997"},["text","This photograph is the property of the Santa Cruz Public Libraries."]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1930998"},["text","Restrictions on Use"]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"9"},["name","Education"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"135505","public":"1","featured":"1"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"36329"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/956d167c5110c7f12e9187c00293ab3e.jpg"],["authentication","dd5c5922e30047c39366b2f39ca0b0ce"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"9"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"127597"},["text","Photograph Collection"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"267482"},["text","Photographs from the 1860's to the 2000's, documenting the history of Santa Cruz County.\r\n"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1840003"},["text","See the About sectionfor the library's reproduction policy and restrictions on use."]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1840004"},["text","Various sources were used to identify persons, events, and places. Citations to print sources were abbreviated. See the About section for a list of sources used."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1840000"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"6"},["name","Still Image"],["description","A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type \"text\" to images of textual materials."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"7"},["name","Original Format"],["description","If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931822"},["text","Photo"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"10"},["name","Physical Dimensions"],["description","The actual physical size of the original image."],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931823"},["text","Digital Photo"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"43"},["name","Identifier"],["description","An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931806"},["text","LH-lm-69608-20"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931807"},["text","UCSC Extension Building and Taqueria Vallarta"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931808"},["text","Taqueria Vallarta"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931809"},["text","UCSC Extension"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931810"},["text","Restaurants"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931811"},["text","Landmark Photo Project"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931812"},["text","Corner of Cathcart Street and Pacific Avenue"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931813"},["text","Jaeger-Smith, Heidi"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931814"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931815"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931816"},["text","May-01"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931817"},["text","2000s"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931818"},["text","Santa Cruz (City)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931819"},["text","Image"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931820"},["text","En"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931821"},["text","PHOTO"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931824"},["text","This photograph is the property of the Santa Cruz Public Libraries."]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1931825"},["text","Restrictions on Use"]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"24"},["name","Buildings"]],["tag",{"tagId":"7"},["name","Business"]],["tag",{"tagId":"9"},["name","Education"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"134377","public":"1","featured":"1"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"20814"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/2abd2bf3ecb64a3f7de323514e37c232.pdf"],["authentication","de3cd27ab29dca18e3063124bbd76c18"],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"7"},["name","PDF Text"],["description"],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"94"},["name","Text"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1899595"},["text","Mintie White, Teacher, 1850–1937\nBy Margaret Koch\n\nIn Watsonville there is an elementary school named for a teacher who once said, \"I never knew a child I couldn't love.\"\nArminta Allison, better known as \"Mintie\" for most of her life, was born in 1850 in Redrock, Iowa. When she was four\nyears old her family brought her across the plains to California in a covered wagon. In telling of the journey once, she\nrecalled that she walked much of the way.\nIn 1854 the family arrived near Vacaville in Sonoma County where they lived for a time, but five years later the Allisons\nmoved to Pajaro, across the river from Watsonville.\nWhile Mintie was attending a private school for girls she met her future husband, Professor William White, and they\nwere married in 1870. Following the marriage, the young couple moved to San Francisco where he taught in another\nprivate school. The Whites had two children, a son and a daughter. When the daughter was in her late teens she became\nvery ill with tuberculosis, and the family moved back to Watsonville, hoping the change in climate would improve the\ngirl's health. In spite of this effort, Mintie's daughter died when she was 21 years old, and Professor White died shortly\nafterward.\nThe double tragedy must have been hard on Mintie, but she decided to devote the rest of her life to children. Between\n1895 and 1900 she obtained her teaching certificate. At the age of 45 she became a first grade teacher at the\nWatsonville Primary School.\nHer abilities were so outstanding that she was offered the position of school principal. Mintie declined the honor,\nexplaining that she felt the first grade was the most important year in a child's school life, and she was needed more in\nthe classroom. She devoted all her teaching years to first graders.\nShe died in 1937 at the age of 87, and the following year a new elementary school on Palm Avenue in Watsonville was\nnamed Mintie White School in her honor.\n\n1\n\n�Sources\n\n\nExcerpted from Going to School in Santa Cruz County by Margaret Koch. Copyright 1978 Margaret Koch.\nReproduced with the permission of the author.\n\nThe content of this article is the responsibility of the individual author. It is the Library's intent to provide accurate local history\ninformation. However, it is not possible for the Library to completely verify the accuracy of individual articles obtained from a\nvariety of sources. If you believe that factual statements in a local history article are incorrect and can provide documentation,\nplease contact the Webmaster.\n\n2\n\n�"]]]]]]]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"8"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"123576"},["text","Santa Cruz History Articles"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"123577"},["text","Original articles by library staff and by local authors and material from historical books. "]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264219"},["text","Articles on Santa Cruz County history, many with illustrations, are available here.\r\n\r\nThe Santa Cruz Public Libraries is grateful to our local historians and their publishers for giving permission to include their articles. The content of the articles is the responsibility of the individual authors.\r\n"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264220"},["text","It is the library's intent to provide accurate information. However, it is not possible to completely verify the accuracy of individual articles obtained from a variety of sources. If you believe that factual statements in an article are incorrect and can provide documentation, please contact the library."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264216"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries\r\n"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"1"},["name","Document"],["description","A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"7"},["name","Original Format"],["description","If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891987"},["text","Paper"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"43"},["name","Identifier"],["description","An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891978"},["text","AR-079"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891979"},["text","Mintie White, Teacher, 1850-1937"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891980"},["text","Koch, Margaret"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891981"},["text","Excerpted from Going to School in Santa Cruz County by Margaret Koch."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891982"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891983"},["text","1978"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891984"},["text","Text"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891985"},["text","En"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891986"},["text","ARTICLE"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891988"},["text","Copyright 1978 Margaret Koch. Reproduced with the permission of the author."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1892938"},["text","White, Mintie"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1892939"},["text","Schools-Teachers"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1892940"},["text","Watsonville"]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"39"},["name","Biography"]],["tag",{"tagId":"9"},["name","Education"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"134478","public":"1","featured":"1"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"21621"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/fc0c15160f2cc7586941e4fea6234907.pdf"],["authentication","042f4b4bf9819a23574735363c566abf"],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"7"},["name","PDF Text"],["description"],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"94"},["name","Text"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1900394"},["text","Chronological List of Santa Cruz County Public Schools\nBy Margaret Koch\n[The following article is Appendix B, pp. 171-188, from Going to School in Santa Cruz County: A History of the\nCounty's Public School System by Margaret Koch. ©1978 Margaret Koch. Used with permission.]\n\nThe following list is an attempt to give the reader an idea of the chronology of public schools that have existed\nwithin the county's school system since its inception in the 1850s to the present (1978).\nThe main reference sources used were the school personnel directories published by the County Office of\nEducation every year since 1888. For the years prior to 1888 we had to rely on secondary sources, of which\nthere are very few, and which sometimes did not agree with each other. The problem is compounded by the\nfact that many of the records prior to the turn of the century have been lost or burned. Many were destroyed\nwhen Watsonville High School burned down in 1901.\nThe personnel directories had some shortcomings as reference materials: the early ones fail to give the names\nof individual schools that existed within the Santa Cruz and Watsonville Districts--the two districts that had\nmore than one school within their boundaries; the early directories also do not give the locations of the\nschools, and fail to note when a school was moved or rebuilt.\nAnother problem arises in establishing the exact date that a particular school began. Sometimes many\nmonths, or even years, might pass between the establishment of a school district or the passage of a school\nbond and the actual opening of the school. Sometimes classes were held in homes or churches before the\nschoolhouse was built. In general, the dates listed here represent the year in which the school opened its\ndoors--the year in which its name first appeared in the directory.\nThe reader should keep all the foregoing in mind when reading this list, realizing that, although much effort\nwent into insuring its accuracy and completeness, there are bound to be a few errors in it.\n\n1\n\n�DATE\n1857\n\nSCHOOL\nMission Hill\n\n1859\nbut see\ncomment\n\nWatsonville\nPrimary\n\nca. 1859\n1871\nbecame\n(1965\n1860\n\nOak Grove\nCorralitos\nBradley)\n\n1859-60 (?)\n\nPescadero\n\n1861\n1860 (?)\n\nSan Andreas\nSoquel\n\n1863\n1863\n1875\nbecame\n1863\n1910-11\nbecame\nbetween\n1863\nand 1865\n1864\n\nCarlton\nSan Lorenzo\nFelton\n\n1864\n\nPowder\nWorks\nEl Jaro\nSeaside\n\n1865\n1875\nbecame\n1865\n1865\n1875\nbecame\n1866\n\nBranciforte\n\nUnion\nPleasant\nValley\nGrant\n(or North\nSanta Cruz)\nHappy Valley\n\nBay View\nPetroleum\nLaguna\nRoache\n\nCOMMENT\nFirst public school house in county. Preceded by classes held in homes and churches.\nSanta Cruz City School District offices now stand on original site. Moved to King Street\nin 1931. Now a junior high school.\nStarted in 1853 in Methodist Church South. Then, in 1859-60, located on second floor\nof home of teacher L. D. Holbrook on E. Lake Ave. Schoolhouse built 1864 on E. Lake\nAve. (then Fourth St.). Expanded 1866. In 1909 the building was moved 60 ft. and a new\nPrimary School built on old site. Lasted till 1924.\nName change to Corralitos in 1871. In 1946 Corralitos absorbed Eureka, Hazel Dell, Las\nManzanitas, Brown's Valley, Redwood, and Green Valley. In 1965 Corralitos became\npart of the Pajaro Valley Unified School District, and Bradley School on Corralitos Rd. in\nWatsonville took the place of the old school.\nPart of Santa Cruz City School District. First located on Soquel Ave. present building, on\nBranciforte, built 1915. (Branciforte Junior High on Poplar built in 1931.)\nThis was outside the county, on the coast north of Davenport, but at the time was\nadministered by Santa Cruz County.\nCorner of Buena Vista and San Andreas. Annexed to Freedom in 1946.\nFirst on west side of N. Porter Dr.; then south of Soquel Dr. near bottom of west hill. On\npresent site since 1865 (?). Present building built 1922, with later additions.\nRebuilt 1899. Annexed to Salsipuedes in 1946.\nRebuilt 1894. In 1946 joined with Ben Lomond and Zayante to become San Lorenzo\nUnion Elementary.\nRebuilt 1910, when name became Pleasant Valley. At Hames Rd. and Pleasant Valley.\nClosed in 1915 [sic]*, and its students went to Corralitos.\nPart of Santa Cruz City District. Rebuilt 1881, 1914. Closed June, 1966.\n\nStill in existence as one-school district though building has been rebuilt several times.\n3125 Branciforte Dr.\nLocated where Paradise Park is today. Closed in 1899-1900. Students went to Grant and\nMission Hill.\nFirst school on coast near Waddell Creek; second school on Gianone Hill; third school\nbuilt 1907. (Does not appear in directories between 1900 and 1907.) Suspended July\n1962. Students went to Pacific.\nAt Mission and Bay. Three-story building built 1876. Fought battle to avoid\nincorporation with Santa Cruz City District, but finally lost in 1892. Still in existence.\nAnnexed to Santa Cruz City District in 1935.\n\nVarious reconstructions--1903, 1929, 1936. Annexed to Freedom 1946. (Named after\nMrs. William Roache who taught school in her parlor in Pajaro Valley in early 1860s.)\n\n2\n\n�1867\n\nAptos\n\n1867\n\nMountain\n\n1868\n\nSummit\n\n1868\n\nBoulder Creek\n\n1868\n\nGreen Valley\n\n1868\n\nRailroad\n\n1868-69\n\nBeach\n\n1870\n\nAgua Puerca\n\n1870\n\n1871\n\nVine Hill\n(name\nresurrected 1963)\nCasserly\n\n1871\n1932 became\n1936 became\n1872\n\nHill School\nRob Roy\nLa Selva Beach\nLive Oak\n\n1872\n\nSan Vicente\n\n1875\n1875\n\nJefferson\nLarkin Valley\n\n1875\n(possibly 1879?)\n1876\n1894 became\n\nBrown\nNewell Creek Ben\nLomond\n\nVarious reconstructions. Third building became Aptos Hall.\nFourth building erected in 1929. The old Valencia School was\nabsorbed into it in 1930, and La Selva in 1941-41. Now Aptos\nJunior High. Became part of newly formed Pajaro Valley\nUnified School District in 1965.\nReconstruction in 1932. Still going strong as one-school\ndistrict. On Old San Jose Rd. in Soquel.\nJoint district of Santa Cruz and Santa Clara Counties.\nApparently not in session in 1931. Absorbed into Loma Prieta\nJoint Union District in 1950.\nVarious reconstructions. High school built in 1905 for $8,245.\nBear Creek joined it around 1921, and Sequoia in 1924.\nElementary school still exists. Became part of San Lorenzo\nValley Unified School District in 1950.\nSplit off of original Oak Grove District. Second school built\n1898-99. Continued until 1946 when it was annexed to\nCorralitos. Located at 1080 Green Valley Rd., Watsonville.\nReconstructed building of 1900 now quarters for field\nlaborers on Silliman Ranch. Annexed to Salsipuedes in 1946.\nCa. 1895 old Watsonville District took it in. Closed in 1903, by\norder of the District, then re-opened. Ceased operation in\n1913 or 1918--record unclear.\nAt Scott Creek in 1870. Then moved to Davenport. Suspended\n1941.\nOn Glenwood Rd. Building rebuilt in 1883. Suspended 1937.\n(New Vine Hill School build in 1963, part of Scotts Valley\nUnion School District, on Tabor Dr.)\nOn Casserly Rd. in Watsonville. Rebuilt 1822. Annexed to\nSalsipuedes 1946.\nSchool had three names during its history. Went out of\nexistence in 1941-42, when it merged with Aptos.\nVarious reconstructions and additions: 1914, 1922, 1926,\n1935, 1941, 1949, 1951, 1956 (old building demolished). Still\ngoing strong. On Capitola Rd.\nAbsorbed, along with Ocean View, into newly formed Bonny\nDoon Union, 1947.\nClosed, absorbed into Santa Cruz City District, in 1946.\nA bit of a mystery. Apparently established in 1875, but does\nnot appear in first directory of 1888. Appears in directory of\n1901 (the year the second building was erected)--but for one\nyear only, disappearing in 1902. Then appears again in 1916\ndirectory, and continues until 1946, when it was annexed by\nFreedom. Did it have another name in earlier days?\nSuspended 1950. On Bear Creek Rd. (Not the same as Brown's\nValley.)\nAnother building constructed 1933. Ben Lomond absorbed\ninto San Lorenzo Union in 1946.\n\n3\n\n�1877\n\nWatsonville\nGrammar\n\n1879\n\nAmesti\n\n1879\n\nBald Mountain\n\n1879\n\nRocky Ridge\n\n1881\n\nHighland\n\n1881\n\nBurrell\n\n1882\n\nLaurel\n\n1882\n\nZayante\n\n1884\n1884\n\nHazel Dell\nCalabasas\n\n1884\n1884\n1884\n(possibly 1896)\n1885\n\nEureka\nOcean View\nOakdale\n\n1886\n\nLoma Prieta\n\n(Note: the next eight schools are\nlisted in the county school\ndirectory for 1888--the first\ndirectory published--but their\ndate of establishment is\nunclear.)\nbefore 1888\n\nGlenwood\n\nbefore 1888\n\nValencia\n(“resurrected”\n1968)\nSequoia\n\nbefore 1888\n\nBear Creek\n\nE. Lake and Sudden. Modernized in 1909, enlarged after 1916.\nSome high school courses offered there in 1890s before\nWatsonville High was built.\nRebuilt 1912 on Green Valley Rd., and again in 1946 on\nAmesti Rd. in Watsonville, when it was annexed to Freedom.\nBecame part of Pajaro Unified District in 1965. Still going\nstrong.\nThird school built 1924. Absorbed Cave Gulch in 1927-28.\nClosed in 1962.\nApparently established around 1879, but probably lapsed\nbefore 1888, because doesn't appear in any directory.\nSecond school built 1915. In Skyland area. Unionized with\nLoma Prieta Joint Union District (Santa Clara) in 1950.\nJoint district of Santa Cruz and Santa Clara Counties. Absorbed\ninto Loma Prieta Joint Union District in 1950.\nNote: this is not the Laurel School that belonged to Santa Cruz\nCity District. This one, a country school, closed in 1948 and\nstudents went to Scotts Valley.\nSecond (?) building erected 1921. Closed in 1946, annexed to\nSan Lorenzo Union.\nSuspended in 1944. Area annexed to Corralitos in 1946.\nVarious reconstructions. Became part of Freedom District in\n1946, which then became part of Pajaro Valley District in\n1965. Now on Calabasas Rd. in Watsonville.\nClosed in 1946 when annexed to Corralitos.\nClosed in 1947, absorbed into new Bonny Doon District.\nFirst? second? Building built in 1896. Unionized with Aptos in\n1947.\nBurned down 1905; students attended class temporarily in\nbutcher shop and private home. New school built in 1920.\n(Martin District carved out of Glenwood in 1905.) Glenwood\nclosed in 1951. Students went to Scotts Valley.\n(Note: this is not the present Loma Prieta Continuation High\nSchool in Santa Cruz.) Disappears from directories in 1901.\nReappears in 1950 (same school?) as joint district of Santa\nCruz and Santa Clara Counties, at which time it absorbed\nSummit, Highland, Burrell, and Hester Creek.\n\nDisappears from directory in 1931. New Valencia School, part\nof Pajaro Valley Unified District, built in 1968.\nClosed 1924. Later dismantled and material used to build\naddition to Alba School.\nClosed 1921. Absorbed by Boulder Creek in 1924.\n\n4\n\n�before 1888\n\nScotts Valley\n\nbefore 1888\nbefore 1888\nbefore 1888\nbefore 1888\n1888\n1889\n\nBrown's Valley\nCastle Rock\nGlen Haven\nHazel Brook\nFruitvale\nCentral\n\n1889\n1889\n1917 became\n\nDougherty\nVega\nAromas\n\n1890 (?)\n1891\n\nSunnyside\nLas Manzanitas\n\n1893\n1894\n\nRedwood\nWatsonville High\n\n1895\n\nFairview\n\n1895\n\nSanta Cruz High\n\n1895\nbefore 1895\n\nAlba\nGault\n\nbefore 1895\n\nLaurel\n\n1896\n1903\n1905\n1920 became\n1906-07\n\nCave Gulch\nOlive Springs\nMartin\nValley View\nHester Creek\n\n1906-07\n\nPacific\n\nSecond building 1923, third 1940. Absorbed Valley View in\n1938, Laurel in 1948, and Glenwood in 1951. Now a junior\nhigh school at 8 Bean Creek Rd. in Scotts Valley.\n(Not the same as Brown.) Closed 1919.\nClosed 1899.\nClosed 1914.\nClosed 1914.\nAnnexed to Freedom 1946, apparently closed at that time.\nSmall school in mountains, toward Los Gatos. Second (?)\nbuilding 1911. Suspended temporarily 1914-15, and again in\n1942-43. Closed for good in 1965.\nClosed 1919.\nJoint district of Santa Cruz, San Benito, and Monterey\nCounties. Name change in 1917. In 1965 became part of\nPajaro Valley Unified District.\nClosed 1900.\nJoint district of Santa Cruz, San Benito, and Monterey\nCounties. Suspended 1943.\nClosed 1919.\nBuilt at Third and Marchant. Previous to this, high school\nclasses were being held in grammar school. Burned to ground\nNov. 8, 1901. In 1902 second building (called \"West Building')\nbuilt on same site. In 1916 \"East Building\" built. Used as site\nof Cabrillo College when it was getting started, 1959-61. Since\ncondemned. New building, 250 E. Beach.\nIn mountains toward Saratoga (?). suspended 1914-16, then\nfinally closed for good in 1919.\nBuilt on Walnut Ave. Previous to this, high school classes were\nheld for about 20 years on fourth floor of Mission Hill\nGrammar School. High school burned to ground Oct. 1, 1913.\nSecond (present) building, 1915, erected on same site.\nSuspended 1941.\nDate of establishment unclear--first appears as separate\nlisting under Santa Cruz City District in 1895 directory, but\nmay have been in existence before that. Second (?) building\n1931. Still going strong, on Seabright.\nDate of establishment unclear--first appears as separate\nlisting under Santa Cruz City District in 1895 directory, but\nmay have been in existence before that. Second (?) building in\n1930. Closed in 1974-75 because of Field Act. Now community\ncenter. Note: this is different from the other Laurel School\nthat existed in the Scotts Valley area.\nClosed in 1927-28 and merged with Bald Mountain.\nClosed 1911.\nCarved from Glenwood in 1905. Name change 1920.\nUnionized with Scotts Valley 1938.\nSuspended temporarily 1943-45, re-opened in 1946.\nAbsorbed into Loma Prieta Joint Union District in 1950.\nIn Davenport, still existing as a one-school district. In 1962\ntook in students of suspended Seaside School. At present\n5\n\n�1906 to 1909\n\nGas House\n\n1907\nca. 1915\n1916 (?)\n\nFerndale\nGarfield Park\nW. R. Radcliff\n\n1928-29\n\nJ. W. Linscott\n\n1928-29\n\nMintie White\n\n1931\n1938\n1946\n\nBranciforte Junior\nHigh\nE. A. Hall\nFreedom\n\n1946\n\nSalsipuedes\n\n1947\n\nBonny Doon\n\n1946-47\n\nSan Lorenzo\nUnion\n\n1950\n\nT. S. MacQuiddy\nElem\nCapitola\nElementary\nH. A. Hyde\nElementary\nThornely\nDel Mar Middle\nRio Del Mar Elem\n\n1952\n1954\n1954 (?)\n1959\n1960\n1960\n1961-62\n1962\n1963\n1964\n\nWestlake\nElementary\nSoquel High\nCabrillo College\nVine Hill Elem.\n(new)\nBrook Knoll\nElementary\n\n(1978) new building is under construction to replace old one,\ncondemned by Field Act.\nNot really a schoolhouse; a building rented temporarily from\nthe Watsonville Power & Light Co. to relieve overcrowding in\nWatsonville schools.\nUnionized with Salsipuedes 1946.\nPart of Santa Cruz City School District. Closed 1965.\nAppears to have been called \"Watsonville Elementary\" or\n\"Rodriguez Elementary\" in earlier days (it stands on Rodriguez\nSt.). Addition, 1928. Became part of Pajaro Valley Unified\nDistrict in 1965. Now a bi-lingual school. Still going strong.\nOn Elm St. Part of old Watsonville District. Pajaro Unified\nDistrict, 1965.\nOn Palm St. Part of old Watsonville District. Pajaro Unified\nDistrict, 1965.\nOn Poplar St. in Santa Cruz. Part of Santa Cruz City District.\nOn Brewington Ave. Part of old Watsonville District, 1965.\nOn Holly Dr. in Watsonville. Absorbed Fruitvale, Roache, San\nAndreas--schools that closed--in 1946. Freedom District,\nformed in 1946, included Freedom, Amesti, and Calabasas\nSchools. All these taken into Pajaro Valley Unified School\nDistrict, formed in 1965.\nOn Casserly Rd. in Watsonville. Absorbed Carlton, Casserly,\nFerndale, Green Valley, Railroad. Salsipuedes taken into\nPajaro Unified District in 1965.\nOn Pine Flat Rd. in Bonny Doon. Absorbed Ocean View and\nSan Vicente Schools.\nOn Highway 9 between Felton and Ben Lomond. Absorbed\nBen Lomond, Felton, and Zayante Schools. Became part of San\nLorenzo Valley Unified School District, 1950.\nOn Martinelli St. Part of old Watsonville District. Pajaro\nUnified District, 1965.\nMonterey Ave., Capitola. Part of Soquel Union District.\nAlta Vista St. Part of old Watsonville District. Pajaro Unified\nDistrict, 1965.\nSchool for the deaf. On campus of MacQuiddy Elementary.\nMerrill Dr., Santa Cruz. Part of Live Oak District.\nPinehurst Dr., Aptos. Part of old Aptos District. Pajaro Unified\nDistrict, 1965.\nHigh St., Santa Cruz. Part of Santa Cruz City District.\nOld San Jose Rd., Soquel. Part of Santa Cruz City District.\n1962 is date when present campus opened, but the college\nbegan in 1959, using building of old Watsonville High School.\nTabor Dr., Scotts Valley. Part of Scotts Valley District. Bears\nname of old Vine Hill School of 1870.\nTree Top Dr., Scotts Valley. Part of Scotts Valley District.\n6\n\n�1965\n\n1965\n\n1965\n1965\n1965\n1965 (?)\n1965\n1965\n\n1966\n1966\n\n1966\n1966\n1967\n\nSanta Cruz\nGardens\nElementary\nBradley\nElementary\nHall Elementary\nMar Vista\nElementary\nRolling Hills\nJunior High\nPajaro\nElementary\nNatural Bridges\nElem\nFarm School\n\nQuail Hollow\nElem\nDuncan Holbert\n\n1968\n1968\n\nDe Laveaga Elem\nGreen Acres Elem\nCapitola\nIntermediate\nHarbor High\nValencia (new)\n\n1970\n\nLoma Prieta High\n\n1970\n1972\n\nAptos High\nRenaissance High\n\n1976\n\nStruck\nCommunication\nCenter\n\nWinkle Ave., Santa Cruz. Part of Soquel District.\n\nCorralitos Rd. in Watsonville. Part of Pajaro Valley Unified\nDistrict. Built on site of old Corralitos School. (See Oak Grove,\n1859.)\nSill Rd., Watsonville. Part of Pajaro Valley Unified District.\nSoquel Dr., Aptos. Part of Pajaro Valley Unified District.\nHerman Ave., Watsonville. Part of Pajaro Valley Unified\nDistrict.\nSalinas Rd. in Watsonville. Became part of Pajaro Valley\nUnified District in 1965, but date of construction unclear.\nSwift St., Santa Cruz. Part of Santa Cruz City District.\nSchool for mentally retarded students of high school age.\nOperated by the County Office of Education. Near La Selva\nBeach.\nMarion Ave., Ben Lomond. Part of San Lorenzo Valley Unified\nDistrict.\nSchool for orthopedically handicapped. Operated by the\nCounty Office of Education. Actually was started in 1956;\nschool held in temporary quarters until 1966 school was built,\non campus of Rolling Hills Junior High in Watsonville.\nMorrisey Blvd., Santa Cruz. Part of Santa Cruz City District.\nBostwick Lane, Santa Cruz. Part of Live Oak District.\nMonterey Ave., Capitola, on campus of elementary school.\nPart of Soquel Union District.\nLa Fonda St., Santa Cruz. Part of Santa Cruz City District.\nAptos School Rd., Aptos. Part of Pajaro Valley Unified District.\nBears name of old Valencia School that existed in 1880s, and\nthat apparently lapsed in 1931.\nA continuation high school, located on La Fonda St., adjacent\nto Harbor High. Part of Santa Cruz City District. The\ncontinuation program itself, however, began about 1967 in\nanother location.\nFreedom Blvd., Aptos. Part of Pajaro Valley Unified District.\nA continuation high school. Arthur Rd. in Watsonville. Part of\nPajaro Valley Unified District. The continuation program itself,\nhowever, began about 1966 in another location.\nSchool for handicapped students. On campus of Green Acres\nElementary School. Operated by the County Office of\nEducation.\n\n*Numerous sources (including the Santa Cruz County Public School Directory [1917-1951 and 1951-52], the Santa Cruz\nSentinel [August 15, 1991], and Corralitos by Judy Malmin) indicate that Pleasant Valley School actually closed in 1951-not 1915 as indicated in the original text of this article.\n\n7\n\n�Source\nGoing to School in Santa Cruz County: A History of the County's Public School System by Margaret Koch. ©1978\nMargaret Koch. Appendix B, pp. 171-188.\n\nIt is the library’s intent to provide accurate information, however, it is not possible for the library to completely\nverify the accuracy of all information. If you believe that factual statements in a local history article are\nincorrect and can provide documentation, please contact the library.\n\n8\n\n�"]]]]]]]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"8"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"123576"},["text","Santa Cruz History Articles"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"123577"},["text","Original articles by library staff and by local authors and material from historical books. "]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264219"},["text","Articles on Santa Cruz County history, many with illustrations, are available here.\r\n\r\nThe Santa Cruz Public Libraries is grateful to our local historians and their publishers for giving permission to include their articles. The content of the articles is the responsibility of the individual authors.\r\n"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264220"},["text","It is the library's intent to provide accurate information. However, it is not possible to completely verify the accuracy of individual articles obtained from a variety of sources. If you believe that factual statements in an article are incorrect and can provide documentation, please contact the library."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264216"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries\r\n"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"1"},["name","Document"],["description","A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"7"},["name","Original Format"],["description","If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893736"},["text","Paper"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"43"},["name","Identifier"],["description","An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893725"},["text","AR-169"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893726"},["text","Chronological List of Santa Cruz County Public Schools"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893727"},["text","Schools-Public"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893728"},["text","Koch, Margaret"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893729"},["text","Going to School in Santa Cruz County: A History of the County's Public School System by Margaret Koch. ©1978 Margaret Koch. Appendix B, pp. 171-188."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893730"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893731"},["text","1978"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893732"},["text","Santa Cruz (County)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893733"},["text","Text"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893734"},["text","En"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893735"},["text","ARTICLE"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893737"},["text","Copyright 1978 Margaret Koch. Used with permission."]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"9"},["name","Education"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"130744","public":"1","featured":"1"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"13848"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/bc847358c4828b8c5c5719872e7ee711.pdf"],["authentication","3f85f6bd748079e15286f0b27d5a0cfd"],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"7"},["name","PDF Text"],["description"],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"94"},["name","Text"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894880"},["text","Institutions in Santa Cruz County—1850–1950\nBy Susan Lehmann\n\nOVERVIEW\nIn the development of the West, the transition from frontier outpost to city or town was said to have taken place when\nschools and churches outnumbered saloons and brothels. Santa Cruz started early in its history to reach that goal and\nfrom the first days of its existence as a mission settlement, provisions were made for both religious worship and the\neducation of children.\nBeginning in 1866 with the construction of the first county courthouse, and through the turn of the century, a number of\npublic buildings were erected in the City of Santa Cruz. With the exception of the smallest, the 1882 octagon-shaped Hall\nof Records, all of them are gone—having fallen to the ravages of fire, earthquake, and demolition. Those built between\n1930 and 1950 have fared better and can still be seen in the city core. These include City Hall, the civic auditorium and\nthe old jail which has been remodeled for use as the arts and history museum.\n\nHISTORY\nSchools and Libraries\nThe first educational institution in the County was Santa Cruz Mission where Native Americans were forced to learn the\nCatholic religion and children of Spanish settlers learned to read, write, and keep accounts. By 1847, a small contingent\nof English speaking families has come to Santa Cruz and, although Spanish was still the official language, they wanted\ntheir children to learn reading and writing in English. One such settler, Mary Amney Case, who arrived with her husband\nand child in 1847, held classes in her home in 1848 and 1849, thus becoming the first English school of record in Santa\nCruz County. Following California statehood in 1850, more families with school-age children came to the area and local\nchurches were pressed into service as school buildings. Methodist churches in the city of Santa Cruz and Watsonville\nserved this purpose until 1857 with teachers being paid by collecting funds from the parents of students. With an ever\nincreasing number of children, residents of the county soon campaigned for a public school with its own school house.\nAccording to the history of the Santa Cruz County school system written by Margaret Koch in 1978 and published by the\nSanta Cruz County Office of Education, the first one room school house in the city was built in 1857 when a $400 lot was\npurchased by community subscription on Mission Hill.\nOther accounts, including those by researcher Phil Reader and University of California Santa Cruz librarian Donald Clark,\ncredit the opening of the first school to Louden (or London) Nelson, a Black former slave who came to the area in 1842\n(Clark) or 1856 (Reader). He bought land on the San Lorenzo River where he made his living as a farmer. Although he\nreportedly could neither read nor write, he appreciated education and enjoyed watching the children trouping to school\nwhich was located, according to Clark's account, in a private house on the hill above Nelson's property. He willed his\nestate to the school children of Santa Cruz to be used for their education and following his death in 1860, the money\n1\n\n�was used, according to Clark, to purchase land on Mission Hill to build the first school. In 1979, the former Laurel School,\nbuilt in 1930 and used as a community center was renamed the Louden Nelson Community Center in his honor.\nThe site of the Mission Hill school was moved to King Street in 1931, when a new school was built, and it now serves as a\njunior high school. In 1860, Branciforte School was built on Soquel Avenue and was replaced by the present building\nconstructed in 1915 and located on Branciforte Avenue. Bayview School was added in 1865 at Mission and Bay Streets\nwhere the original building was demolished to make way for the modern structure presently on the site.\nBeing a teacher in Santa Cruz County in the 1860s was not an easy life. According to a report issued by the\nsuperintendent of schools in 1861: \"It does not pay very well in this county to teach School, and those who have\nfollowed no other occupation do not intend to continue teaching any longer than they can help.\" The superintendent's\nsuggestions for improvement in those early years included: uniformity of textbooks, the grading of all schools, libraries\navailable to all schools and the adoption of a plan that would, \"compel the attendance of children who are idling their\ntime around the streets, without occupation.\" In spite of the problems of too little funding, the number of schools in the\nCounty continued to increase. By 1865 there were sixteen and by 1870 there were twenty-five.\nBy the late 1880s, Santa Cruz County had over 50 schools scattered through the area, most of which were one room or\nshared space with churches or other buildings. Within the city, high school classes were originally conducted on the\nfourth floor of the Mission Hill Grammar School. The first Santa Cruz High School was constructed on Walnut Avenue in\n1895. It burned to the ground on October 1, 1913 and was replaced on the same site by the present building in 1915.\nGarfield Park had its own school, constructed in 1915. It was closed, however, in 1965 and the building no longer exists.\nIt is indeed fortunate that a number of the large, elegant schools built in the early to middle part of the 20th century\nincluding the High School, Branciforte School and Gault School are still used for their original purpose. Another, Laurel\nSchool, has been put to use as a community center.\nThe original libraries have not fared as well. The main library, an imposing edifice designed by architect William Weeks,\nwas demolished to make way for a modern building as were several branch libraries. Only the Garfield Park Library, built\nin 1914, and the Seabright library, which now serves as the Natural History museum, are still in existence.\n\nChurches\nThe first church in the county was Mission Santa Cruz established in 1791. The church was used until 1857 when part of\nit collapsed during an earthquake. A replacement was dedicated in 1858 which served the needs of the Catholic\ncommunity until 1889 when a new church was built. Constructed of brick at a cost of $35,000, the new church was\ndesigned by San Francisco architect Thomas J. Welch and served about 1,500 parishioners. The church, considered a city\nlandmark, was heavily damaged in the Loma Prieta earthquake and extensive repairs were needed to make it usable\nagain.\nIn the 1850s and 1860s five Protestant church groups were organized in Santa Cruz County. A Methodist church was the\nfirst, organized by Elihu Anthony in 1848. The group actually built a church, a 20 by 30 foot wooden structure in 1850.\nThe first Congregational church was begun in the city of Santa Cruz in 1852. Others followed, including the church in\nSoquel which was built in 1870. It was also the Congregational Church that took on the mission of converting the area's\nChinese population to Christianity. The Chinese Sunday School begun in 1869, was the oldest recorded Christian\ninstitution dedicated to that purpose in the Monterey Bay Region. The Sunday school, conducted in English, was taught\nby a woman member. Emphasis was on learning the reading, writing and speaking of English and the original twelve\nstudents were reported to be industrious and \"eager to learn.\"\nIn 1881 a full-fledged Chinese mission was organized in Santa Cruz. Adult members of the mission were expected to\nattend classes, which featured English lessons and Bible study, every week day evening until 9 o'clock. The ability of the\ncongregation to recruit members was aided by the fact that a Chinese minister, Wong Ock, was assigned to the mission\nfrom its founding until 1883. Located in the City's Chinatown, the mission held yearly recitals to showcase the progress\n2\n\n�of its students and to collect funds to defray expenses. The mission remained an active part of the community into the\n20th century until the declining Chinese population in Santa Cruz resulted in its eventual closing.\nOther denominations followed the Congregationalists to the County including the Baptists in 1858 and the Unity Church\nin 1866. In 1862, an Episcopal congregation was formed in the city although it had no building of its own. Moving from\nthe Hugo Hihn building to the Temperance Hall on Mission Street and on to a converted school house that had formerly\nbeen used by the Methodists, the church finally acquired a permanent home when land was donated for that purpose in\n1864. The church building, which was constructed for $3000 used a modified plan taken from Upjohn's Rural\nArchitecture by New York architect Richard Upjohn. Simple in its Gothic style, the main structure is still intact with a\nbelfry that was added in 1874 and a number of additions made in the 20th century. By 1890 there were over 20\nProtestant churches in the County representing the Presbyterian, Christian, Adventist and Universalist denominations as\nwell as those previously mentioned. At the turn of the century, Protestants in the County numbered about 2,500.\nBesides the normal facilities provided by churches, religious groups made an additional contribution to the County by\nestablishing a number of religious retreats and camps, some of which still operate at various locations in the Santa Cruz\nmountains. Within the city, the most notable was a Garfield Park which was begun in the late 1880s. Built by the\nNorthern California Convention of the Disciples of Christ, its most prominent structure was a large tabernacle dedicated\non Aug. 31, 1890 that was large enough for 2000 people. The development around it, planned for a number of cottages\nand larger \"villas\" was constructed on streets laid out in a series of circles. Lots were offered at auction within the\ntabernacle at $105 to $135 each. Although not as successful as other religious communities such as Mount Hermon, a\nnumber of cottages were built at the time and can still be seen in the area known today as \"the Circles.\" The tabernacle\nhas been torn down and a new church, built in 1958, stands on the site.\n\nCivic and Community Buildings\nAs the county seat and primary population center in the county, the City of Santa Cruz saw the construction of a number\nof impressive public buildings between 1865 and the turn of the century. The first City Hall was built in 1877 on Cooper\nand Front Street followed by a jail constructed in 1889. Both were torn down in 1937. A new jail, built in 1936 in\nModerne style by San Francisco architect Albert Rolle has been remodeled and is now used as a city museum.\nThe County Courthouse, later known as the Cooper House was built in 1894 to replace the 1866 courthouse which\nburned in the downtown fire of that year. The diminutive, octagon-shaped Hall of Records, designed by Oakland\narchitect J. W. Newcum, was built in 1882 and is the only government building from the 19th century to survive. It\nbecame a historical museum in 1972 and presently serves as the museum gift shop.\nThree twentieth century government buildings still survive, after earthquake repairs: the Santa Cruz City Hall located at\n809 Center Street, the Civic Auditorium and the Santa Cruz Firehouse at Church and Center Street. City Hall was\ndesigned and built in 1937-38 by Monterey architect C. J. Ryland in the Monterey Colonial Revival Style. It occupies the\nsite of F. A. Hihn's mansion built in 1872 which was used as the city hall beginning in 1920. The Hihn house [was] torn\ndown when the present city hall was constructed. Another building lost to demolition was the opera house which\nopened to great fanfare in 1877. Located at Union and Center Streets, it was moved to Capitola in 1921 and eventually\ntorn down in 1961. The Civic Auditorium and Santa Cruz Fire station #1, designed by San Francisco architect Mark\nDaniels were built in 1939 and are both still used for their original purposes.\n\n3\n\n�Sources\n\n\nFrom: Fully Developed Context Statement for the City of Santa Cruz. Prepared for City of Santa Cruz Planning\nand Development Department. Prepared by Susan Lehmann, October 20, 2000. Chapter 5, Context III:\nInstitutions in Santa Cruz County—1850-1950, pp. 45–47\n\nThe content of this article is the responsibility of the individual author. It is the Library's intent to provide accurate local history\ninformation. However, it is not possible for the Library to completely verify the accuracy of individual articles obtained from a\nvariety of sources. If you believe that factual statements in a local history article are incorrect and can provide documentation,\nplease contact the Webmaster.\n\n4\n\n�"]]]]]]]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"8"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"123576"},["text","Santa Cruz History Articles"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"123577"},["text","Original articles by library staff and by local authors and material from historical books. "]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264219"},["text","Articles on Santa Cruz County history, many with illustrations, are available here.\r\n\r\nThe Santa Cruz Public Libraries is grateful to our local historians and their publishers for giving permission to include their articles. The content of the articles is the responsibility of the individual authors.\r\n"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264220"},["text","It is the library's intent to provide accurate information. However, it is not possible to completely verify the accuracy of individual articles obtained from a variety of sources. If you believe that factual statements in an article are incorrect and can provide documentation, please contact the library."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264216"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries\r\n"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"1"},["name","Document"],["description","A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"7"},["name","Original Format"],["description","If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839872"},["text","Paper"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839772"},["text","Institutions in Santa Cruz County, 1850-1950"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"43"},["name","Identifier"],["description","An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839773"},["text","AR-130"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839873"},["text","Lehmann, Susan"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839874"},["text","From: Fully Developed Context Statement for the City of Santa Cruz. Prepared for City of Santa Cruz Planning and Development Department. Prepared by Susan Lehmann, October 20, 2000. Chapter 5, Context III: Institutions in Santa Cruz County -- 1850-1950, pp. 45-47."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839875"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839876"},["text","10-20-2000"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839877"},["text","Text"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839878"},["text","En"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839879"},["text","ARTICLE"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839880"},["text","Santa Cruz (County)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839881"},["text","Schools"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839882"},["text","Churches"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839883"},["text","Santa Cruz (County)"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839884"},["text","Santa Cruz (City)"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839885"},["text","Architecture and Architects"]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"24"},["name","Buildings"]],["tag",{"tagId":"9"},["name","Education"]],["tag",{"tagId":"29"},["name","Government"]],["tag",{"tagId":"17"},["name","Religion"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"134910","public":"1","featured":"1"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"25412"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/3bb20597d2cf2740fca294b9c7690dc6.PDF"],["authentication","095305cf3b819e9224d7bd16fd73167e"],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"7"},["name","PDF Text"],["description"],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"94"},["name","Text"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1910183"},["text","�"]]]]]]]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"3"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"109713"},["text","Local News Index"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"109714"},["text","An index to newspaper and periodical articles from a variety of Santa Cruz publications.\r\n"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1840006"},["text","It is a collection of over 87,000 articles, primarily from the Santa Cruz Sentinel, that have been clipped and filed in subject folders. While these articles of local interest range in date from the early 1900's to the present, most of the collection and clipped articles are after roughly 1960. There is an ongoing project to scan the complete articles and include them in this collection.
Also included are more than 350 full-text local newspaper articles on films and movie-making and on the Japanese-American internment.
In addition, this is an online index for births, deaths, and personal names from The Mountain Echo. The complete print index is available at the library. For more information see The Mountain Echo."]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1840007"},["text","Most of the indexed articles are available on microfilm in the Californiana Room or in the clipping files in the Local History Room at the Downtown branch. Copies of individual articles may be available by contacting the Reference Department - Ask Us.
\n"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894645"},["text","While there is some overlap between this index and the Historic Newspaper Index (approximately 1856-1960), they are different databases and are searched separately."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839995"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"1"},["name","Document"],["description","A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"7"},["name","Original Format"],["description","If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1910182"},["text","PAPER"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"43"},["name","Identifier"],["description","An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1910169"},["text","CF-2017-08-22-857"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1910170"},["text","Natural Bridges home to new preschool"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1910171"},["text","Natural Bridges School"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1910172"},["text","Natural Bridges Children Center"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1910173"},["text","Men, Calvin"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1910174"},["text","Santa Cruz Sentinel"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1910175"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1910176"},["text","2017-08-22"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1910177"},["text","Santa Cruz (City)"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1910178"},["text"," 2010s"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1910179"},["text","TEXT"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1910180"},["text","EN"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1910181"},["text","NEWS"]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"162"},["name","Clipping branch location: Downtown"]],["tag",{"tagId":"898"},["name","Clipping file under: Natural Bridges School"]],["tag",{"tagId":"9"},["name","Education"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"134370","public":"1","featured":"1"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"20807"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/d5b324f99d2ce0800dce08dbe16589a1.pdf"],["authentication","f27d297bb8945c343c492d7a4ff020c9"],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"7"},["name","PDF Text"],["description"],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"94"},["name","Text"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1899588"},["text","Penny University\nBy Carmen Morones\n\nA trio of professors from the University of California at Santa Cruz started the Penny University in 1974. Page Smith,\nProfessor of History, Paul Lee, Professor of Philosophy and Mary Holmes, Professor of Art History, created the Penny as\nan off campus salon that would be free and accessible to the public. It began as a gathering of artists and intellectuals\nwho met every Monday at 5 p.m. at Cafe Pergolesi, in the courtyard behind Bookshop Santa Cruz (which was then\nlocated at 1547 Pacific Ave.). At the time there were guest lecturers such as Gary Patton, County Supervisor, who held\ndiscussions on civic matters. But more often than not, the professors held court and facilitated discourse on such\nsubjects as: the morality of the Brothers Karamazov, the elements necessary for a viable space station, the mathematical\nnature of music, and art.\nAfter the Loma Prieta earthquake, the Penny University moved to the Parish Hall at Calvary Episcopal Church at 532\nCenter St. As of April, 2002, the Penny University continues to meet there on Mondays at 5 p.m. With Page Smith's\ndeath in 1995, Jim Bierman, Professor of Dramatic Literature, joined as the new Chair. Mary Holmes passed away on\nJanuary 21, 2002.\n\nSources\n\n\nJim Bierman; Hukill, Traci. Metro Santa Cruz. 11 - 5-12 - 97, p. 19.\n\nThe content of this article is the responsibility of the individual author. It is the Library's intent to provide accurate local history\ninformation. However, it is not possible for the Library to completely verify the accuracy of individual articles obtained from a\nvariety of sources. If you believe that factual statements in a local history article are incorrect and can provide documentation,\nplease contact the Webmaster.\n\n1\n\n�"]]]]]]]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"8"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"123576"},["text","Santa Cruz History Articles"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"123577"},["text","Original articles by library staff and by local authors and material from historical books. "]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264219"},["text","Articles on Santa Cruz County history, many with illustrations, are available here.\r\n\r\nThe Santa Cruz Public Libraries is grateful to our local historians and their publishers for giving permission to include their articles. The content of the articles is the responsibility of the individual authors.\r\n"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264220"},["text","It is the library's intent to provide accurate information. However, it is not possible to completely verify the accuracy of individual articles obtained from a variety of sources. If you believe that factual statements in an article are incorrect and can provide documentation, please contact the library."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264216"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries\r\n"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"1"},["name","Document"],["description","A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"7"},["name","Original Format"],["description","If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891923"},["text","Paper"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"43"},["name","Identifier"],["description","An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891914"},["text","AR-070"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891915"},["text","Penny University"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891916"},["text","Morones, Carmen"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891917"},["text","Jim Bierman; Hukill, Traci. Metro Santa Cruz. 11 - 5-12 - 97, p. 19."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891918"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891919"},["text","5/12/1997"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891920"},["text","Text"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891921"},["text","En"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1891922"},["text","ARTICLE"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1892913"},["text","Penny University"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1892914"},["text","Santa Cruz (City)"]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"19"},["name","Arts and Entertainment"]],["tag",{"tagId":"9"},["name","Education"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"134526","public":"1","featured":"1"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"24157"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/9c4699c3e0dca921585f65bf6c910d51.pdf"],["authentication","ed845fb8c758bd33f5e39dbb11676381"],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"7"},["name","PDF Text"],["description"],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"94"},["name","Text"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1902766"},["text","A Howling Wilderness:\nEducation in the Summit Road Area\nBy Stephen Payne\nCitations in the text refer to the Selected Bibliography, Local History Article AR-219.\nThe devotion of the Summit settlers to their children's education was evidenced by the number\nof school districts formed over this small area of the Santa Cruz Mountains. In all there were six\nschool districts on the mountain. The first district was Summit School, originally housed in a\nprivate residence near the cross-roads of Summit Road and the Santa Cruz Highway in the\n1870's. The school was near Schultheis Lagoon which \"was a favorite spot in which to pass our\nnoon hour paddling around on half-submerged logs,\" recalled Mrs. E. H. (Loomis) Chase. The\nschool was finally located at a permanent location one-half mile down the Santa Cruz Highway\ntoward Patchen. This school house, built by Edward Martin, is now a private residence.\n(40:1/2/1962; 38:/6/10/1935; 34:12/1927)\nThe second school on the mountain was also built in the 1870's. Lyman Burrell donated land\nright on the boundaries of Santa Clara County and Santa Cruz County, for the school which\nbears his name, Burrell School. In 1889 the Burrell School burned during a brush fire that\ncovered a large area of the mountains before finally being extinguished near the Highland\nSchool. The Burrell School was rebuilt by local residents in 1890, and on July 4th of that year it\nwas given the first flag pole of any mountain school. The new school was also the first in the\nmountains to have a school bell. The school is now a private residence, with the new owners\nremodeling the building. (40:12 / 4 / 1961; 34:5 / 1910)\nLittle is known about the Wright's School, located at Wright's Station. The school served the\ncommunity of Wright's from the 1880's until 1929. The school was finally suspended\npermanently in 1932 because of a general decline in the population of the Wright's area. (8)\nIn 1882, Miss Rose Merrill held classes in a little cottage in back of the depot building at Laurel.\nThe children were not subjected to tests or grades. What books that could be found were\nsupplied by the children. The average daily attendance was between six and fifteen students.\nThe teachers were paid between $55 in 1884 and $65 in 1906, but their living expenditures\n\n�were minimal. The rent for the teacher's cottage was only $2.50 per month. The school was the\nfirst teaching experience for many of the early teachers who were fresh out of San Jose Normal\nSchool. In 1947 the school closed and the children were bused to Scotts Valley Union School.\n(2:22-27, 33)\nThe first classes held at Highland School, 1881-1882 session, were held in an old Chinese ranchhand cabin. The next year Judge George Miller donated one-third acre for a new school\nbuilding. Local residents built the building and William Sears was the first teacher. In 1892 the\nschool census report shows twenty-two pupils in the Highland School. Of these, seven were\nunder five years of age, which leads one to believe that the school might have been used as a\nbaby-sitting service as well as an educational institution. In the 1890's faculty members from\nStanford University held summer seminars at Highland School in such subjects as economics,\nhistory, and political science.\nThe April 18, 1906 earthquake damaged the school and The Realty chided the trustees for being\nso slow in repairing the school. In 1914 a new school was built next to the original one. The old\nschool building was sold to the Farm Bureau and renamed Highland Hall. In 1971 the newer of\nthe two schools burned down. Presently the old school is being used as a residence.\n(40:8/13/1959, 12/7/1961, 8/20/1959; 10; 34:6/1906; 44:125)\nOn December 1, 1906, a group of residents living in the lower section of the Highland School\nDistrict met in the home of R. S. Griffith, and Redwood Lodge Road. These neighbors were\nconcerned that their children had to walk a mile and a half in the rain up the hill to the Highland\nSchool. Voting to form a new school district the parents sought the approval of the\nSuperintendent of Santa Cruz County Schools, C. S. Price. With Price's approval the parents built\na twenty-six by thirty-foot, one-room school costing $200. Miss C. Tempelten opened the new\nHester Creek School on September 1, 1906. (34:12/1906; 40:7/21/1959) In 1949, the Summit,\nBurrell, Highland, and Hester Creek schools merged and formed a new school district, Loma\nPrieta School District. Hester Creek School became the Hester Creek Community Church\n(American Sunday School Union).\nThe constant problem facing the elected trustees of the various mountain school districts was\nthat the teachers did not stay long. Most of the teachers were women and for many of them\nthe mountain school was their first assignment. After teaching for a year or two, most went on\nto other districts. In 1879, the average spent on education by each district was under $450 a\nyear. Figures from 1881 to 1882 reveal that the State of California's share in educating the\nchildren of the Santa Cruz Mountains ranged between $33 and $100 annually per child, while\nthe County of Santa Clara apportioned $63.33 to $190 per school district. The pay for teachers\nin 1892 was an average of $57.93 per month for female teachers while their male counterparts\nreceived $96.36. Although the teacher turnover was quite high and the total spent on local\neducation quite low, the children were educated. Some of the former pupils continued their\neducation and returned to teach in the schools where they had once been students.\n(34:9/1906; 46:205-206; 42;64; 33:9/3/1881)\n\n�Source\nExcerpted from Payne, Stephen Michael. A Howling Wilderness: a History of the Summit Road\nArea of the Santa Cruz Mountains 1850-1906. Santa Cruz, CA: Loma Prieta Publishing, 1978.\nCopyright 1978 Stephen Michael Payne. Reproduced with the permission of the author.\n\nIt is the library’s intent to provide accurate information, however, it is not possible for the\nlibrary to completely verify the accuracy of all information. If you believe that factual\nstatements in a local history article are incorrect and can provide documentation, please\ncontact the library.\n\n�"]]]]]]]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"8"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"123576"},["text","Santa Cruz History Articles"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"123577"},["text","Original articles by library staff and by local authors and material from historical books. "]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264219"},["text","Articles on Santa Cruz County history, many with illustrations, are available here.\r\n\r\nThe Santa Cruz Public Libraries is grateful to our local historians and their publishers for giving permission to include their articles. The content of the articles is the responsibility of the individual authors.\r\n"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264220"},["text","It is the library's intent to provide accurate information. However, it is not possible to completely verify the accuracy of individual articles obtained from a variety of sources. If you believe that factual statements in an article are incorrect and can provide documentation, please contact the library."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264216"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries\r\n"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"1"},["name","Document"],["description","A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"7"},["name","Original Format"],["description","If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894498"},["text","Paper"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894489"},["text","A Howling Wilderness: Education in the Summit Road Area"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894510"},["text","Education in the Summit Road Area"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894490"},["text","Payne, Stephen"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894491"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894492"},["text","1978"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894493"},["text","TEXT"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894494"},["text","EN"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894495"},["text","ARTICLE"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"43"},["name","Identifier"],["description","An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894496"},["text","AR-215"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894497"},["text","Santa Cruz (County)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894551"},["text","Santa Cruz Mountains"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894552"},["text","Summit"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894553"},["text","Schools-Public"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894554"},["text","Highland School"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894555"},["text","Burrell School"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894556"},["text","Summit School"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894557"},["text","Wrights Station"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894558"},["text","Hester Creek School"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894559"},["text","Loma Prieta School District"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894560"},["text","Laurel School"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894578"},["text","Excerpted from: Payne, Michael. \"A Howling Wilderness: A History of the Summit Road Area of the Santa Cruz Mountains 1850-1906.\" Santa Cruz, CA: Loma Prieta Publishing, 1978."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894579"},["text","Copyright 1978 by Stephen Michael Payne. Reproduced with permission of the author."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"46"},["name","Relation"],["description","A related resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894589"},["text","Selected Bibliography"]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"9"},["name","Education"]]]]]