["itemContainer",{"xmlns:xsi":"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance","xsi:schemaLocation":"http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd","uri":"https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Santa+Cruz+%28County%29&sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CCreator&output=omeka-json","accessDate":"2024-03-28T14:53:44-07:00"},["miscellaneousContainer",["pagination",["pageNumber","1"],["perPage","10"],["totalResults","22"]]],["item",{"itemId":"130744","public":"1","featured":"1"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"13848"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/bc847358c4828b8c5c5719872e7ee711.pdf"],["authentication","3f85f6bd748079e15286f0b27d5a0cfd"],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"7"},["name","PDF Text"],["description"],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"94"},["name","Text"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894880"},["text","Institutions in Santa Cruz County—1850–1950\nBy Susan Lehmann\n\nOVERVIEW\nIn the development of the West, the transition from frontier outpost to city or town was said to have taken place when\nschools and churches outnumbered saloons and brothels. Santa Cruz started early in its history to reach that goal and\nfrom the first days of its existence as a mission settlement, provisions were made for both religious worship and the\neducation of children.\nBeginning in 1866 with the construction of the first county courthouse, and through the turn of the century, a number of\npublic buildings were erected in the City of Santa Cruz. With the exception of the smallest, the 1882 octagon-shaped Hall\nof Records, all of them are gone—having fallen to the ravages of fire, earthquake, and demolition. Those built between\n1930 and 1950 have fared better and can still be seen in the city core. These include City Hall, the civic auditorium and\nthe old jail which has been remodeled for use as the arts and history museum.\n\nHISTORY\nSchools and Libraries\nThe first educational institution in the County was Santa Cruz Mission where Native Americans were forced to learn the\nCatholic religion and children of Spanish settlers learned to read, write, and keep accounts. By 1847, a small contingent\nof English speaking families has come to Santa Cruz and, although Spanish was still the official language, they wanted\ntheir children to learn reading and writing in English. One such settler, Mary Amney Case, who arrived with her husband\nand child in 1847, held classes in her home in 1848 and 1849, thus becoming the first English school of record in Santa\nCruz County. Following California statehood in 1850, more families with school-age children came to the area and local\nchurches were pressed into service as school buildings. Methodist churches in the city of Santa Cruz and Watsonville\nserved this purpose until 1857 with teachers being paid by collecting funds from the parents of students. With an ever\nincreasing number of children, residents of the county soon campaigned for a public school with its own school house.\nAccording to the history of the Santa Cruz County school system written by Margaret Koch in 1978 and published by the\nSanta Cruz County Office of Education, the first one room school house in the city was built in 1857 when a $400 lot was\npurchased by community subscription on Mission Hill.\nOther accounts, including those by researcher Phil Reader and University of California Santa Cruz librarian Donald Clark,\ncredit the opening of the first school to Louden (or London) Nelson, a Black former slave who came to the area in 1842\n(Clark) or 1856 (Reader). He bought land on the San Lorenzo River where he made his living as a farmer. Although he\nreportedly could neither read nor write, he appreciated education and enjoyed watching the children trouping to school\nwhich was located, according to Clark's account, in a private house on the hill above Nelson's property. He willed his\nestate to the school children of Santa Cruz to be used for their education and following his death in 1860, the money\n1\n\n�was used, according to Clark, to purchase land on Mission Hill to build the first school. In 1979, the former Laurel School,\nbuilt in 1930 and used as a community center was renamed the Louden Nelson Community Center in his honor.\nThe site of the Mission Hill school was moved to King Street in 1931, when a new school was built, and it now serves as a\njunior high school. In 1860, Branciforte School was built on Soquel Avenue and was replaced by the present building\nconstructed in 1915 and located on Branciforte Avenue. Bayview School was added in 1865 at Mission and Bay Streets\nwhere the original building was demolished to make way for the modern structure presently on the site.\nBeing a teacher in Santa Cruz County in the 1860s was not an easy life. According to a report issued by the\nsuperintendent of schools in 1861: \"It does not pay very well in this county to teach School, and those who have\nfollowed no other occupation do not intend to continue teaching any longer than they can help.\" The superintendent's\nsuggestions for improvement in those early years included: uniformity of textbooks, the grading of all schools, libraries\navailable to all schools and the adoption of a plan that would, \"compel the attendance of children who are idling their\ntime around the streets, without occupation.\" In spite of the problems of too little funding, the number of schools in the\nCounty continued to increase. By 1865 there were sixteen and by 1870 there were twenty-five.\nBy the late 1880s, Santa Cruz County had over 50 schools scattered through the area, most of which were one room or\nshared space with churches or other buildings. Within the city, high school classes were originally conducted on the\nfourth floor of the Mission Hill Grammar School. The first Santa Cruz High School was constructed on Walnut Avenue in\n1895. It burned to the ground on October 1, 1913 and was replaced on the same site by the present building in 1915.\nGarfield Park had its own school, constructed in 1915. It was closed, however, in 1965 and the building no longer exists.\nIt is indeed fortunate that a number of the large, elegant schools built in the early to middle part of the 20th century\nincluding the High School, Branciforte School and Gault School are still used for their original purpose. Another, Laurel\nSchool, has been put to use as a community center.\nThe original libraries have not fared as well. The main library, an imposing edifice designed by architect William Weeks,\nwas demolished to make way for a modern building as were several branch libraries. Only the Garfield Park Library, built\nin 1914, and the Seabright library, which now serves as the Natural History museum, are still in existence.\n\nChurches\nThe first church in the county was Mission Santa Cruz established in 1791. The church was used until 1857 when part of\nit collapsed during an earthquake. A replacement was dedicated in 1858 which served the needs of the Catholic\ncommunity until 1889 when a new church was built. Constructed of brick at a cost of $35,000, the new church was\ndesigned by San Francisco architect Thomas J. Welch and served about 1,500 parishioners. The church, considered a city\nlandmark, was heavily damaged in the Loma Prieta earthquake and extensive repairs were needed to make it usable\nagain.\nIn the 1850s and 1860s five Protestant church groups were organized in Santa Cruz County. A Methodist church was the\nfirst, organized by Elihu Anthony in 1848. The group actually built a church, a 20 by 30 foot wooden structure in 1850.\nThe first Congregational church was begun in the city of Santa Cruz in 1852. Others followed, including the church in\nSoquel which was built in 1870. It was also the Congregational Church that took on the mission of converting the area's\nChinese population to Christianity. The Chinese Sunday School begun in 1869, was the oldest recorded Christian\ninstitution dedicated to that purpose in the Monterey Bay Region. The Sunday school, conducted in English, was taught\nby a woman member. Emphasis was on learning the reading, writing and speaking of English and the original twelve\nstudents were reported to be industrious and \"eager to learn.\"\nIn 1881 a full-fledged Chinese mission was organized in Santa Cruz. Adult members of the mission were expected to\nattend classes, which featured English lessons and Bible study, every week day evening until 9 o'clock. The ability of the\ncongregation to recruit members was aided by the fact that a Chinese minister, Wong Ock, was assigned to the mission\nfrom its founding until 1883. Located in the City's Chinatown, the mission held yearly recitals to showcase the progress\n2\n\n�of its students and to collect funds to defray expenses. The mission remained an active part of the community into the\n20th century until the declining Chinese population in Santa Cruz resulted in its eventual closing.\nOther denominations followed the Congregationalists to the County including the Baptists in 1858 and the Unity Church\nin 1866. In 1862, an Episcopal congregation was formed in the city although it had no building of its own. Moving from\nthe Hugo Hihn building to the Temperance Hall on Mission Street and on to a converted school house that had formerly\nbeen used by the Methodists, the church finally acquired a permanent home when land was donated for that purpose in\n1864. The church building, which was constructed for $3000 used a modified plan taken from Upjohn's Rural\nArchitecture by New York architect Richard Upjohn. Simple in its Gothic style, the main structure is still intact with a\nbelfry that was added in 1874 and a number of additions made in the 20th century. By 1890 there were over 20\nProtestant churches in the County representing the Presbyterian, Christian, Adventist and Universalist denominations as\nwell as those previously mentioned. At the turn of the century, Protestants in the County numbered about 2,500.\nBesides the normal facilities provided by churches, religious groups made an additional contribution to the County by\nestablishing a number of religious retreats and camps, some of which still operate at various locations in the Santa Cruz\nmountains. Within the city, the most notable was a Garfield Park which was begun in the late 1880s. Built by the\nNorthern California Convention of the Disciples of Christ, its most prominent structure was a large tabernacle dedicated\non Aug. 31, 1890 that was large enough for 2000 people. The development around it, planned for a number of cottages\nand larger \"villas\" was constructed on streets laid out in a series of circles. Lots were offered at auction within the\ntabernacle at $105 to $135 each. Although not as successful as other religious communities such as Mount Hermon, a\nnumber of cottages were built at the time and can still be seen in the area known today as \"the Circles.\" The tabernacle\nhas been torn down and a new church, built in 1958, stands on the site.\n\nCivic and Community Buildings\nAs the county seat and primary population center in the county, the City of Santa Cruz saw the construction of a number\nof impressive public buildings between 1865 and the turn of the century. The first City Hall was built in 1877 on Cooper\nand Front Street followed by a jail constructed in 1889. Both were torn down in 1937. A new jail, built in 1936 in\nModerne style by San Francisco architect Albert Rolle has been remodeled and is now used as a city museum.\nThe County Courthouse, later known as the Cooper House was built in 1894 to replace the 1866 courthouse which\nburned in the downtown fire of that year. The diminutive, octagon-shaped Hall of Records, designed by Oakland\narchitect J. W. Newcum, was built in 1882 and is the only government building from the 19th century to survive. It\nbecame a historical museum in 1972 and presently serves as the museum gift shop.\nThree twentieth century government buildings still survive, after earthquake repairs: the Santa Cruz City Hall located at\n809 Center Street, the Civic Auditorium and the Santa Cruz Firehouse at Church and Center Street. City Hall was\ndesigned and built in 1937-38 by Monterey architect C. J. Ryland in the Monterey Colonial Revival Style. It occupies the\nsite of F. A. Hihn's mansion built in 1872 which was used as the city hall beginning in 1920. The Hihn house [was] torn\ndown when the present city hall was constructed. Another building lost to demolition was the opera house which\nopened to great fanfare in 1877. Located at Union and Center Streets, it was moved to Capitola in 1921 and eventually\ntorn down in 1961. The Civic Auditorium and Santa Cruz Fire station #1, designed by San Francisco architect Mark\nDaniels were built in 1939 and are both still used for their original purposes.\n\n3\n\n�Sources\n\n\nFrom: Fully Developed Context Statement for the City of Santa Cruz. Prepared for City of Santa Cruz Planning\nand Development Department. Prepared by Susan Lehmann, October 20, 2000. Chapter 5, Context III:\nInstitutions in Santa Cruz County—1850-1950, pp. 45–47\n\nThe content of this article is the responsibility of the individual author. It is the Library's intent to provide accurate local history\ninformation. However, it is not possible for the Library to completely verify the accuracy of individual articles obtained from a\nvariety of sources. If you believe that factual statements in a local history article are incorrect and can provide documentation,\nplease contact the Webmaster.\n\n4\n\n�"]]]]]]]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"8"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"123576"},["text","Santa Cruz History Articles"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"123577"},["text","Original articles by library staff and by local authors and material from historical books. "]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264219"},["text","Articles on Santa Cruz County history, many with illustrations, are available here.\r\n\r\nThe Santa Cruz Public Libraries is grateful to our local historians and their publishers for giving permission to include their articles. The content of the articles is the responsibility of the individual authors.\r\n"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264220"},["text","It is the library's intent to provide accurate information. However, it is not possible to completely verify the accuracy of individual articles obtained from a variety of sources. If you believe that factual statements in an article are incorrect and can provide documentation, please contact the library."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264216"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries\r\n"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"1"},["name","Document"],["description","A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"7"},["name","Original Format"],["description","If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839872"},["text","Paper"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839772"},["text","Institutions in Santa Cruz County, 1850-1950"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"43"},["name","Identifier"],["description","An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839773"},["text","AR-130"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839873"},["text","Lehmann, Susan"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839874"},["text","From: Fully Developed Context Statement for the City of Santa Cruz. Prepared for City of Santa Cruz Planning and Development Department. Prepared by Susan Lehmann, October 20, 2000. Chapter 5, Context III: Institutions in Santa Cruz County -- 1850-1950, pp. 45-47."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839875"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839876"},["text","10-20-2000"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839877"},["text","Text"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839878"},["text","En"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839879"},["text","ARTICLE"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839880"},["text","Santa Cruz (County)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839881"},["text","Schools"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839882"},["text","Churches"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839883"},["text","Santa Cruz (County)"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839884"},["text","Santa Cruz (City)"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839885"},["text","Architecture and Architects"]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"24"},["name","Buildings"]],["tag",{"tagId":"9"},["name","Education"]],["tag",{"tagId":"29"},["name","Government"]],["tag",{"tagId":"17"},["name","Religion"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"134430","public":"1","featured":"1"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"20867"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/fc3c54a46718b8b1cb937a167f1e0dea.pdf"],["authentication","276bfbc08cad5ed21b743444d36d8663"],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"7"},["name","PDF Text"],["description"],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"94"},["name","Text"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1899649"},["text","History of the County's Emeline Street Complex\nThis section provides a chronological history of the County Buildings housed at the Emeline Street Complex and various\nhealth care services provided in each of the buildings over the years. Attachment A of this Report [not included in web\nversion] contains a map of the Emeline Street Complex which shows the location of most of the buildings discussed in\nthis section.\n\n1877\nA men's infirmary section was constructed at the Emeline site. The building was called the County Poor Farm and housed\nall manner of ill, infirmed and indigent men.\n\n1885\nThe infirmary was added to and a second facility was constructed. The second facility -- a two-story building -- was the\nfirst County Hospital and accommodated surgical care and provided for chronically ill patients. The hospital was erected\non land behind Building D and adjacent to Carbonera Creek which is now a parking lot.\nThis building remained in service for a variety of purposes until 1975 when the County was paid for its demolition. The\ndemolition in this instance involved taking the facility down board by board for the purpose of salvaging and reselling\nthe virgin redwood that was used in its construction.\nThe building was last used by the Community Action Board and housed the original CAB food distribution program which\nlater became Food and Nutrition Services.\n\n1925\nIn 1925, the original wing of the 1040/1100 Emeline building (Building E \"Old County Hospital\") was constructed as a\nmodern and larger hospital facility to accommodate the growing need for health care in the community. This structure\nwas subsequently expanded during its many years of service as the County General Hospital. The County's population in\n1925 was approximately 30,000.\nThe 1925 facility was the only General hospital in the North Santa Cruz County until Sisters Hospital was opened by the\nDominican Sisters of Adrian Michigan in 1938. The General Hospital served a critical and important role for the residents\nof Santa Cruz County.\n\n1952\nA Juvenile Hall was built at Emeline. The administrative offices and \"cell blocks\" operated until the new Juvenile Hall was\nconstructed on Graham Hill Road in 1967.\n\n1957\n1\n\n�In 1957, a 21-bed hospital facility was constructed at 1060/1070 Emeline which is now known as Building F to provide\ncare and treatment for tuberculosis patients and those with other communicable diseases. Originally called the Chest\nBuilding, this facility currently houses several of the Community Mental Health Services programs and Community\nMental Health administration. The County's population was now approximately 80,000.\nThe 1000 Emeline Building (Building A) was also built in 1957 with Hill-Burton money to house the County's Public Health\nDepartment including the Public Health laboratory and clinics. The County Health Department was separate and distinct\nfrom the County Hospital until 1974 when the County Health Services Agency was created to improve the coordination\nand effectiveness of County Public Health, Medical Care and Mental Health Services. Building A currently [1991] provides\nspace for HRA administration and the methadone program which is operated by a private non-profit contractor.\n\n1960\nThe Ferguson Memorial Rehabilitation Center—1020 Emeline (Building B)—was dedicated in 1960. This building was\noriginally constructed to provide for the care and rehabilitation of the aged, as an extended care facility, and as the\ncenter for community mental health services. Licensed for 60 beds, frail elderly indigents lived in this facility until 1974\nwhen the closure of General Hospital made its operation economically infeasible. The Neuro-psychiatric unit was also\nlocated in this facility in the basement.\n\n1968\nThe 1080 Emeline building (Building D), the new County Hospital was completed. This three-story structure was\noriginally a 65-bed full service, 24-hour facility. It was designed with expansion potential for an additional two floors.\nWhen the Old General Hospital was vacated, an eight-bed alcohol detoxification unit was started. Outpatient counseling\nfor alcoholics was also started. The old hospital also housed a Youth Hostel for two years in the early 1970s and \"Papa\nDawson's Drug Abuse Prevention Facility.\"\nIn 1973, the County General Hospital employed over 350 hospital employees and mental health staff, with hospital care\nprovided on a 24-hour in-patient basis. This facility included obstetrics, pediatrics, and the only emergency room in the\ncounty. Ambulances brought trauma patients from all over the County to General Hospital 24-hours a day.\nFollowing the opening of the new County General Hospital in 1968 the Emeline Street Complex was a thriving and active\noperation with several twenty four a day operations. Records from this period show:\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThe average daily census of inpatients during 1969–1970 at the Emeline hospital facility was 128 people.\nThe total number of inpatient days were 46,220.\nThere were 310 full-time equivalent employees in the Hospital alone.\n7,000 emergency room services and 9,500 clinic visits were provided.\n11,600 immunizations and 21,000 laboratory tests were performed.\n\nAt this time there were plans for expansion and the County Administrative Officer's Capital Improvement Report of 1969\noutlined a seven year program to add 164,750 square feet of new and improved facilities at the Emeline Street Complex.\nThe new facilities proposed in that plan are listed below:\n\nItem\n\nSquare Feet\n\nGirls Group Home\nHospital Emergency Operations Center\nAddition of 3rd and 4th Floors to the new General Hospital\nHealth Department Expansion\nHospital 1st Floor Expansion\n\n3,000\n5,000\n36,000\n750\n20,000\n2\n\n�Welfare Building\nHospital Mental Health and Outpatient Wing\n\n50,000\n50,000\n\nTotal New Square Feet\n\n164,750\n\nNone of the buildings listed above were ever built and shortly after this list was compiled there was a significant decline\nin the demand for County Inpatient Services as a result of a change in Federal health policy. From its beginning in 1873\nthrough 1968, as a result of Federal and State law, the County was the health care provider of last resort and enjoyed an\nalmost exclusive monopoly on the provision of health care services to the poor and the unfortunate. It was a significant\nresponsibility and Santa Cruz County, judging from the army of facilities and services it made available, took this\nresponsibility very seriously.\nThe fact that public hospitals were the health care provider of last resort and that most of their services were rendered\nto the poor had unfortunate consequences when Federal and State health care policy changed. As a result of their\nhistoric role County Hospitals and County Institutions, regardless of the quality of care they provided, had the stigma of\nsecond class institutions when care was given to only those persons who could not receive care anywhere else.\nIn 1968 the financial environment for health care delivery changed as a result of a new Federal Act which authorized and\nfunded the Federal Medicaid Program which is known in California as Medi-Cal. This new program provided for Federal\nand State Payments for the health care needs of the poor at any institution which would accept Medi-Cal and not just\nthe County.\nThe poor now had the option of going to other than County health care providers. Because County institutions had the\nreputation, often undeserved, of providing second class care, the poor exercised their option to use mainstream\nmedicine and demand for County health care services began to decline.\n\n1973\nThe general hospital function was discontinued at Emeline in 1973, and the emergency room and in-patient medical\nsurgical and intensive care beds closed and only the neuro-psychiatric component of the County General Hospital\nremained in operation. The closure of the Hospital occurred largely as a result of changes in federal and state policy\nregarding Medicaid and MediCal coverage for persons formerly dependent on the County. The County contracted with\nDominican Santa Cruz, Community and Watsonville Community Hospital to provide for emergency and inpatient hospital\ncare. Shortly thereafter the County's extended care unit for the elderly was also closed.\n\n1975\nIn 1975, the neuro-psychiatric facility was re-located from the Ferguson Building to the 2nd floor of 1080 Emeline\nbuilding where the intensive care unit had been housed. Crisis evaluation and observation of the mentally ill was\nprovided at the same location.\n\n1983\nIn 1983, the inpatient psychiatric hospital was closed and patients transferred to Dominican Hospital which built a new\ninpatient psychiatric unit under a special contact with the County.\nThe 1080 Emeline building is now [1991] used as the County's outpatient clinic and houses Health Services\nadministration, Public Health administration, Public Health Nursing, Health Education, and Alcohol and Drug Programs\nadministration.\n\n3\n\n�Sources\n\n\nExcerpt from: Attachment 1: Background Report on the County's Emeline Street Complex, prepared by the\nCounty Administrative Office in Conjunction with the Health Services and Human Resources Agencies, pp. 1-6;\nAppendix F of the Revised Draft Environmental Impact Report for the Santa Cruz County Health\nServices/Human Resources Building, 1992.\n\nThe content of this article is the responsibility of the individual author. It is the Library's intent to provide accurate local history\ninformation. However, it is not possible for the Library to completely verify the accuracy of individual articles obtained from a\nvariety of sources. If you believe that factual statements in a local history article are incorrect and can provide documentation,\nplease contact the Webmaster.\n\n4\n\n�"]]]]]]]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"8"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"123576"},["text","Santa Cruz History Articles"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"123577"},["text","Original articles by library staff and by local authors and material from historical books. "]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264219"},["text","Articles on Santa Cruz County history, many with illustrations, are available here.\r\n\r\nThe Santa Cruz Public Libraries is grateful to our local historians and their publishers for giving permission to include their articles. The content of the articles is the responsibility of the individual authors.\r\n"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264220"},["text","It is the library's intent to provide accurate information. However, it is not possible to completely verify the accuracy of individual articles obtained from a variety of sources. If you believe that factual statements in an article are incorrect and can provide documentation, please contact the library."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264216"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries\r\n"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"1"},["name","Document"],["description","A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"7"},["name","Original Format"],["description","If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1892531"},["text","Paper"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"43"},["name","Identifier"],["description","An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1892522"},["text","AR-155"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1892523"},["text","History of the County's Emeline Street Complex"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1892524"},["text","Santa Cruz County Administrative Office"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1892525"},["text","Excerpt from: \"Attachment 1: Background Report on the County's Emeline Street Complex\", prepared by the County Administrative Office in Conjunction with the Health Services and Human Resources Agencies, pp. 1-6; \"Appendix F of the Revised Draft Environmental Impact Report for the Santa Cruz County Health Services/Human Resources Building\", 1992."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1892526"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1892527"},["text","1992-"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1892528"},["text","Text"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1892529"},["text","En"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1892530"},["text","ARTICLE"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893132"},["text","Santa Cruz (County)"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893133"},["text","Emeline Street"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893134"},["text","Hospitals"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893135"},["text","Santa Cruz County General Hospital"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1893136"},["text","Santa Cruz (City)"]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"24"},["name","Buildings"]],["tag",{"tagId":"29"},["name","Government"]],["tag",{"tagId":"18"},["name","Medicine"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"130743","public":"1","featured":"1"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"13895"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/e531cfb8739cedb2a4c73a598da5b2fb.pdf"],["authentication","e6ee71e19d6ef3d923945c02a8819cdf"],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"7"},["name","PDF Text"],["description"],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"94"},["name","Text"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1894879"},["text","The History of the Santa Cruz Courthouse\nBy Margaret Souza\n\nSanta Cruz County has had five courthouses since its formation on February 18, 1850, and a sixth is currently being built\n[1966]. The five courthouses have been in four separate buildings, three of which were not built by the county. The first\nlocation was in a hotel on the north side of Santa Cruz. The second was in a building purchased by the county for that\npurpose. The third was on the second floor of a building, locally known as the \"flatiron\" edifice. A lot was donated in\n1866, upon which the fourth courthouse was built and subsequently destroyed in 1894 by fire. Then, on the same site, a\nfifth courthouse was constructed, which still serves today.\nThe Eagle Hotel, which was the largest building of the Santa Cruz Mission complex, was the location of the first Santa\nCruz courthouse. This two-story, fifty-year old adobe building was located on the upper plaza, just south of School\nStreet, and was in use only twenty-one months.\nIn 1852, Santa Cruz County bought a wood-frame building for $3,500, which faced the mission plaza on the site now\noccupied by the reproduction of the original mission chapel, which was on the east side of Emmet Street. Lack of space\nand the resultant inefficiency made it desirable to seek larger quarters.\nThe county leased the upper floor of a two-story brick building (the \"flatiron\" edifice), built by Hugo Hihn in 1860,\nbetween Main and Willow (now Front and Pacific). These facilities were to suffice until a new courthouse could be built.\nIn 1866, a Mission Hill group, led by R.C. Kirby, the local tanner, offered the old Chappel home on the upper plaza to the\ncounty for $400. This was accepted but was later rescinded because the Cooper brothers offered the county a more\nattractive package. The Cooper brothers and Thomas W. Moore deeded to the county, a 110 foot square tract of land on\nCooper Street, which was in the heart of Santa Cruz. The provisions for this grant were as follows: the courthouse was to\nface the northerly side of Cooper Street; it was to have suitable accommodations for the county officials; it was to be\nbuilt within a reasonable length of time; unless it were built according to these provisions, the land would revert back to\nthe original owners; and if ever the courthouse should be unused for more than two years, the property would revert\nback to the original owners and/or their heirs.\nTo finance their new courthouse, the Board of Supervisors decided to put a $20,000 bond issue before the county\nresidents, and it was passed. The total cost was $27,000, the rest coming from the county treasury.\nIn April, 1867, the foundation work, which was well under way, had to delayed because the plans had been drawn for\nthe chalk rock on the Mission Hill site. They had to be redrawn for the Cooper site because the ground here was soft dirt\nand therefore needed more foundation.\nThe building, which was constructed by Sedgewick J. Lynch and George T. Gragg under the supervision of the architect\nThomas Beck, was fifty-five by sixty-five feet. It was a New England type structure, with a tower. The height of the\nbuilding to the top of the dome was eighty feet, with the dome twenty-nine feet higher than the main buildings. It was\n1\n\n�brick with stone trim; the brick work was handled by McMillan. Lynch and Gragg did the woodwork and the\ncarpentering, while the painting and graining was done by Otis Longley. The tin work was handled by Lucien Heath and\nthe gas fixtures were installed by the Santa Cruz Gas Company.\nThe first floor contained offices for the sheriff, treasurer, district attorney, two other offices, and a jury room. The offices\nwere all twenty by twenty-four feet, while the jury room was twenty-four by twenty-four feet. The hall was twelve by\nsixty feet and the ceilings were fifteen feet high.\nUpstairs, there was a thirty-six by sixty foot courtroom; a clerk's office, which was twenty-four by twenty-four feet; a\ntwenty by twenty-four foot supervisor's room and a hall thirteen feet wide. The ceilings were eighteen feet high.\nThe dome, which was ten feet square at the base, was subdivided into two sections. The base of the dome was square\nand the top was octagonal.\nThe following comments were made after the building was turned over to the county in September, 1867. It was\nreferred to as \"one of the neatest, most convenient, best proportioned and at the same time, perhaps the cheapest\npublic building in the state,\"[1]\nAnother was:\n\"The design has been carried out in all its details, and when we consider the usefulness, capacity and arrangement of the\ninterior, with the decoration and fanciful display of architectural taste, its beautiful cornices, splendid roof, its tastily and\nfinely proportioned cupola, we can point to it as an edifice deserving unrivaled admiration.\"[2]\nAlthough these favorable comments had been made, the courthouse was totally inadequate for the completion of\ncounty business from the beginning.\nSaturday night and Sunday morning, April 14 and 15, 1894, a fire destroyed a good part of the business section of Santa\nCruz, including the courthouse. Because of a lack of water (one of the main pipes had developed a leak on the Friday\nbefore and it was not fixed until the fire was extinguished), the courthouse was totally destroyed. The Hall of Records,\nwhich had been built next to the courthouse in 1882, was not touched by the fire.\nAfter the fire, the court temporarily held its cases in the Lower Odd Fellows Hall and later in the Leonard Building, until a\nsmall wooden structure could be built on the courthouse property in order to comply with the Cooper deed. After this\nwas built, the judges held court here, while the county offices were located in other buildings.\nIn July, 1894, the county bought the William F. Ely lot, which adjoined the courthouse property for $16,000. This was\npurchased for expansion purposes. There was also discussion of extending Locust Street through to Front Street, which\nwould enlarge the county domain by twenty feet along Cooper Street. Although many people were in favor of this\nproject, it was not carried through because of the financial complications involved.\nFinancing of this new courthouse was through insurance money from the old courthouse supplemented by a direct tax.\nImmediately after the fire, the insurance was thought to be $10,500 for the $27,000 building, but later $2,000 more was\nfound. The insurance adjustors said that the damage to the courthouse was not equal to the amount of the insurance,\nalthough it was totally destroyed. They proposed to pay sixty percent of the insurance money. As the supervisors and\nthe adjustors could not agree, they decided to leave it up to an arbitration committee. The supervisors were to choose\none man and the adjustors were to choose another; these two men were to choose a third. But as they could not agree\non a third man, they resigned. However, soon after, the insurance adjustors decided to offer $10,683, which was\naccepted by the Board of Supervisors. The total bill for the construction of this new courthouse was $54,000.\nArchitect N.A. Comstock and R.H. McCabe, the contractor, continuously wrangled with Superintendent Thomas Beck to\ndelay the courthouse construction. There were problems over the design; the first plans did not have the entrance on\nCooper Street (as the Cooper deed said it must). There were problems with the specifications and the actual\n2\n\n�construction of the courthouse. The architect complained because the Superintendent wanted the plans followed; the\narchitect either would not or could not prepare the specifications to agree with the plan he designed himself.\nAll of the brick for the courthouse was made in Santa Cruz County, except for 50,000 brought in from San Jose. The\ncement, also made in the county, for the foundation floors, was furnished by I.L. Thurber and Company. The work was\ndone by Santa Cruz laborers.\nThe building was constructed of light buff brick with facings of Plumas County bluestone. The chief entrance on Cooper\nStreet was arched and trimmed in bluestone. Above the arch was located the lofty tower which was open on all sides. All\nthis made a very handsome building.\nThe interior of the courthouse was of the very latest furnishings; the quarters of the officials were commodious, highceilinged and well ventilated. The courtroom proper was very roomy.\nAlthough the first public meeting in the new courthouse was on November 19, 1896, the building was not officially\nturned over to the county until December of that year.\nIt was the opinion of experts that the Santa Cruz courthouse was the best public building in the state of California for the\namount of money spent.\nAt 5:12, Wednesday morning, April 18, 1906, an earthquake rocked California. The Santa Cruz courthouse was described\nas a total wreck; the slate roof, on the west side of the tower, had settled an inch past the apex and nearly a foot at the\nbase; part of the cupola had fallen through the ceilings and landed in the basement; one half of the supervisors' room\nhad no ceiling and no floor; the courtroom itself was damaged; and in the clerk's office the walls were shattered though\nthe roof had not caved in. At first it was feared that the damage had been too great to warrant its being repaired. Later,\nit was estimated that $15,000 and three months would be needed to put the courthouse back into shape.\nThe Board of Supervisors in May, 1906, decided to enlarge the courthouse to the full size of the lot as part of the repairs\nto be done. F. R. Cummings put in a $10,850 bid but as he would not fulfill the conditions of the contract, the supervisors\nselected Thomas Beck to do the repairs.\nBefore the repairs were started, the Board of Supervisors was offered five acres of land on Bay Street for a courthouse\nsite. This offer was made by C.B. Younger, esq. Since the city failed to make good in regard to negotiations on this\ncourthouse site, the Bay Street proposal was abandoned.\nAs time passed county officials realized that the courthouse was becoming inadequate but early efforts to get a new\ncourthouse failed. About 1927, the public was made aware of the fact that the courthouse was inadequate. To help\nrelieve the now overcrowded courthouse, an annex was built in 1937. Then, in 1938, Albert Roller, a San Francisco\narchitect, made up a master plan for the courthouse but it was never put on file with the county as he was never\ncompensated for the work. But this shows that the Board of Supervisors was interested in a new courthouse and were\neyeing the Garibaldi Hotel site. In 1945, a committee selected the Garibaldi Hotel site as the site for a new courthouse\nwhich was being planned; but these plans fell through and the courthouse was remodeled in 1949.\nThe estimated cost of remodeling was $30,000 for both the courthouse and the courthouse annex. The courthouse got\nnew entrance doors, roof and floor repairs and a restroom on the second floor.\nPetitions in 1950 urged the Board of Supervisors to put an elevator in the courthouse so that the elderly residents of the\ncounty would have easy access to the county clerk's office on the second floor, However, the Board decided not to put it\nin.\nThe flood of 1955, which hit many of the businesses downtown, also hit the courthouse, the Hall of Records, and the\ncourthouse annex. The ceiling high waters in the basements of these buildings soaked many of the records. It took\nmonths to dry these out as it had to be done page by page.\n3\n\n�This courthouse is presently being used and will continue to be used until the new one that is currently being built is\nfinished [as of 1966, when this article was written].\"\n\nFootnotes\n1. Santa Cruz Yesterdays.\" Santa Cruz Sentinel and News, May 1, 1955.\n2. \"Santa Cruz Yesterdays.\" Santa Cruz Sentinel and News, May 1, 1955.\n\nSources\n\n\nExcerpted from an unpublished paper. Copyright 1966 Margaret Souza. Reproduced by permission of the\nauthor.\n\nThe content of this article is the responsibility of the individual author. It is the Library's intent to provide accurate local history\ninformation. However, it is not possible for the Library to completely verify the accuracy of individual articles obtained from a\nvariety of sources. If you believe that factual statements in a local history article are incorrect and can provide documentation,\nplease contact the Webmaster.\n\n4\n\n�"]]]]]]]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"8"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"123576"},["text","Santa Cruz History Articles"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"123577"},["text","Original articles by library staff and by local authors and material from historical books. "]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264219"},["text","Articles on Santa Cruz County history, many with illustrations, are available here.\r\n\r\nThe Santa Cruz Public Libraries is grateful to our local historians and their publishers for giving permission to include their articles. The content of the articles is the responsibility of the individual authors.\r\n"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264220"},["text","It is the library's intent to provide accurate information. However, it is not possible to completely verify the accuracy of individual articles obtained from a variety of sources. If you believe that factual statements in an article are incorrect and can provide documentation, please contact the library."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"264216"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries\r\n"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"1"},["name","Document"],["description","A resource containing textual data. 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Reproduced by permission of the author."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839889"},["text","Courthouse"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839898"},["text","Santa Cruz (County)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839890"},["text","Souza, Margaret"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839891"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839892"},["text","1966"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839893"},["text","Text"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839894"},["text","En"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839895"},["text","ARTICLE"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839896"},["text","Santa Cruz (City)"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839897"},["text","1960s"]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"24"},["name","Buildings"]],["tag",{"tagId":"29"},["name","Government"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"4439","public":"1","featured":"1"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"6408"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/b99e6ded9bcc292d29e904bd290fb04a.jpg"],["authentication","3eefc5b0831bbd6ef5d33a722cb03bf2"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"2"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. 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Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"7"},["name","Original Format"],["description","If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266136"},["text","Digital file"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. 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In describing the symbolism of the flag design, Mr. Penniman stated that the main symbol of the evergreen tree against a white background represents \"reverence for nature and growth, upheld by a foundation of optimism and unity.\" The five bands in rainbow colors at the bottom of the flag represent the five county districts nonspecifically.\r\n\r\nThe flag was officially dedicated July 4, 1983.\r\n"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"119993"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"119994"},["text","TEXT"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"119995"},["text","EN"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"119996"},["text","ARTICLE"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"43"},["name","Identifier"],["description","An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"119997"},["text","FF-FLAG"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"119998"},["text","Santa Cruz (County)"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266244"},["text","1980s"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"120280"},["text","Flags and Flagpoles"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266242"},["text","Santa Cruz (County)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"120761"},["text","Santa Cruz Sentinel\r\nNewspaper edition: 7-7-1983, p.A-2. "]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"124336"},["text","Sandy Lydon's website Central Coast Secrets includes this local historian's remembrance of the origin of the county flag."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266243"},["text","1983-04-04"]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"29"},["name","Government"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"9273","public":"1","featured":"1"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"11072"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/8d6e1afbefb81ea48435f7b605ee9448.jpg"],["authentication","cb8ce8e0886bc00bc81a1ba80008f924"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"9"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. 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Recommended best practice is to assign the type \"text\" to images of textual materials."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"7"},["name","Original Format"],["description","If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227380"},["text","B&W"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"10"},["name","Physical Dimensions"],["description","The actual physical size of the original image."],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227381"},["text","7\"x4\""]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"43"},["name","Identifier"],["description","An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227372"},["text","LH-0005"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227373"},["text","ca. 1890's"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227374"},["text","The Octagon, designed by J. W. Newcum"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227375"},["text","Designed by J. W. Newcum, the \"Octagon\" served Santa Cruz County for 86 years as its Hall of Records, at the southwest corner of Front and Cooper Streets."]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227376"},["text","Source of information: Written on mounting"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1933305"},["text","118 Cooper Street"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227377"},["text","Santa Cruz (City)"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"262491"},["text","1890s"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"46"},["name","Relation"],["description","A related resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227378"},["text","Institutions in Santa Cruz County -- 1850-1950"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227379"},["text","The Octagon Museum"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1933304"},["text","Pacific Coast Architecture Database"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227382"},["text","This photograph/postcard is the property of the Santa Cruz Public Libraries, California."]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227383"},["text","Restrictions on Use"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227384"},["text","Hall of Records"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227385"},["text","Santa Cruz (County)"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"262492"},["text","Octagon Building"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227389"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227390"},["text","Image"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227391"},["text","En"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"227392"},["text","PHOTO"]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"24"},["name","Buildings"]],["tag",{"tagId":"29"},["name","Government"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"11098","public":"1","featured":"1"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"13456"},["src","https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/files/original/faffa398ccfd3c7b513e0bb824824db8.gif"],["authentication","522b8a737891a989357eba74789486c9"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"2"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"109711"},["text","Fugitive Facts"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"119969"},["text","Hard-to-find information about Santa Cruz County, brought to you by SCPL librarians.\r\n\r\n"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1839999"},["text","While the library has verified the information presented in these files in what it considers to be reliable and authoritative sources, it cannot take responsibility for nor guarantee the accuracy of the information presented."]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1887314"},["text","If you believe that factual statements in a local history article are incorrect and can provide documentation, please contact the library.\r\n\r\n"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"119970"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"1"},["name","Document"],["description","A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"7"},["name","Original Format"],["description","If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266259"},["text","Digital file"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266245"},["text","Seal - Santa Cruz County"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266246"},["text","Santa Cruz (County)"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266247"},["text","Seals (Numismatics)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266248"},["text","No County seal in use in 1954:\r\n\r\nAccording to an article in the Santa Cruz Sentinel, dated July 18, 1954, the County Clerk Harry E. Miller said that he had no knowledge of an official county seal. In use at that time was an official seal for the Board of Supervisors. According to Emma Rodhouse, the deputy county clerk in 1954, that seal had been in place since 1883.\r\n\r\nThe adoption of the Board of Supervisor's seal is recorded in their minutes. On June 4, 1883, the Supervisors' minutes show that \"E. Martin is appointed a committee of one to procure a seal for the use of the board.\"\r\n\r\nThe minutes on July 2, 1883 read, \"E. Martin, having been heretofore appointed to procure a seal for the use of this board, and now presenting board a seal procured by him in pursuance to said appointment, on motion said seal is hereby adopted as the seal of this board.\""]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266249"},["text","Had there ever been a County seal?\r\n\r\nThe whole question of the existence of a county seal was brought up when the members of the Cowell Big Trees park dedication committee discovered what looked like the county seal, in the basement of the old courthouse. (That seal was used to emboss 100 invitations for the dedication of Henry Cowell Redwoods State Park on August 15, 1954.)\r\n\r\nThe seal of the Board of Supervisors and the seal found in the courthouse basement area match except for one place--the wording in the border surrounding the crest. One says \"Board of Supervisors of the County of Santa Cruz\" while the other reads \"The Great Seal of the County of Santa Cruz\".\r\n\r\nThe seal depicts the redwoods and a grizzly bear, the official state tree and state animal respectively. The grizzly bear has since disappeared from the area but thrived in the great valleys and low mountains of California until the late 1800's. The motto at the base of the crest is \"Sine Praejudicio\" which translated from Latin means \"without prejudice.\"\r\n\r\nWhether this seal was ever used by the County is unanswered. The history of the seal found in the basement was not discovered."]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266250"},["text","The current county seal:\r\n\r\nThe seal found in the basement, with one change, is now the official seal. The words in the border surrounding the crest were changed to \"County of Santa Cruz 1850\".\r\n\r\nThe office of the county clerk was not able to verify when the seal was legally adopted. However, their records show that in 1978 an ordinance was passed concerning the proper usage of the seal."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266251"},["text","Santa Cruz Sentinel, 7/18/54"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266252"},["text","Telephone call to County Clerk Office 10/18/99"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266253"},["text","Santa Cruz Public Libraries"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266254"},["text","TEXT"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266255"},["text","EN"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266256"},["text","ARTICLE"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"43"},["name","Identifier"],["description","An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266257"},["text","FF-SEAL"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"266258"},["text","Santa Cruz (County)"]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"29"},["name","Government"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"48334","public":"1","featured":"1"},["collection",{"collectionId":"3"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"109713"},["text","Local News Index"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"109714"},["text","An index to newspaper and periodical articles from a variety of Santa Cruz publications.\r\n"]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1840006"},["text","It is a collection of over 87,000 articles, primarily from the Santa Cruz Sentinel, that have been clipped and filed in subject folders. While these articles of local interest range in date from the early 1900's to the present, most of the collection and clipped articles are after roughly 1960. There is an ongoing project to scan the complete articles and include them in this collection.
Also included are more than 350 full-text local newspaper articles on films and movie-making and on the Japanese-American internment.
In addition, this is an online index for births, deaths, and personal names from The Mountain Echo. The complete print index is available at the library. For more information see The Mountain Echo."]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1840007"},["text","Most of the indexed articles are available on microfilm in the Californiana Room or in the clipping files in the Local History Room at the Downtown branch. Copies of individual articles may be available by contacting the Reference Department - Ask Us.
\n