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Pre-1989 Landslides and Landslide Hazard Mapping
In the Summit Ridge Area of the Santa Cruz Mountains
1. Landslides Caused by Previous Earthquakes
Landslides are known to have occurred in the Santa Cruz Mountains during both the October 8, 1865,
earthquake (M 6.5) on the San Andreas fault and the October 21, 1868, earthquake (M 7.0) on the Hayward
fault. However, the landslides in these events were not well documented, and the available historical
information is fragmentary (Youd and Hoose, 1978; Marshall, 1990). Among the fragmentary accounts from
the 1865 earthquake are reports of landslides from a few scattered localities including the Mountain Charlie
area (Youd and Hoose, 1978; Marshall, 1990). Information from the 1868 earthquake is even more
fragmentary, with known reports of landslides in the Santa Cruz Mountains only at Eagle Glen and Pescadero
(Youd and Hoose, 1978; Marshall, 1990).
Documentation of landslides caused by the much larger April 18, 1906, San Francisco earthquake (M 8.3),
while not complete, was substantially more extensive owing to one of the world's first scientific postearthquake investigations (Lawson and others, 1908) as well as to information in many other reports, books,
and newspaper articles. The 1906 earthquake caused thousands of landslides through and area of
approximately 12,000 square miles (Keefer, 1984), including all of the Santa Cruz Mountains. In particular, the
earthquake reactivated many pre-existing landslides (Lawson and others, 1908, v. 1, p. 385).
The severity of landsliding in and around the Summit Ridge area during the 1906 earthquake was described in
general terms in an article in the Santa Cruz Morning Sentinel of May 1, 1906, (p. 2) as follows:
"From all reports, the higher altitudes of the Santa Cruz Mountains all the way from beyond Saratoga to Loma
Prieta, on both slopes, appear to have been more seriously disturbed than many localities in the valleys and
foothills. In places the roads are or were impassable, not only on account of great avalanches of stones and
earth, but of wide deep cracks in the earth where the ground was rent asunder."
More specific and detailed descriptions of the many reported ground cracks and landslides caused by the 1906
earthquake in and around the Summit Ridge area are given in table 2.1. Most locations given in the original
reports were not precise enough to identify the specific hillsides where landslides occurred, and the reports
were almost certainly incomplete, because landslides were not mapped in a systematic or comprehensive
manner. However, even the incomplete and imprecise information available from the 1906 earthquake
indicated that landslides occurred in many parts of the Summit Ridge area, including Summit Ridge, Skyland
1
�Ridge, the Morrell, Burrell, and Laurel areas, and along Old San Jose and Redwood Lodge roads. The reports
indicate that several of these landslides were relatively large and that, in several localities, many landslides
occurred. During the earthquake, two large, fast-moving avalanches of rock and soil killed 10 people near the
Summit Ridge area; nine people were killed at Olive Springs, just south of the study area boundary, and one
person was killed at Grizzly Rock, 6 miles northwest of the study area. The rock-and-soil avalanche at Olive
Springs was reported to have been approximately 1,500 feet long, 400 feet wide, and 100 feet deep and the
avalanche at Grizzly Rock approximately 1,200 feet long, 240 feet wide, and 300 feet deep (table 2.1).
2. Landslides Associated with Rainfall
Table 2.1 -- Landslides and ground cracks in and around the Summit Ridge area produced by the April 18.
1906, earthquake (M 8.3) (modified from Youd and Hoose, 1978, table 6, and Marshall, 1990).
Location
Alma
Description and Original Reference
A landslide dammed Alma creek creating danger of flooding. (Santa Cruz Evening Sentinel,
April 19, 1906, p.5).
"The ground around the [devastated Tevis] house and in the hills above, was opened in
hundreds of places in fissures of from a few inches to three feet in width. The depth of these is
not apparent as the ground is broken in a zigzag manner." (Santa Cruz Morning Sentinel, May
1, 1906, p. 2)
Eva
Alma to
Wrights
"On the ranch of Dr. Tevis [presently the site of Alma College], about a mile from Alma
Station, where the land is rolling and wooded, the ground was fissured and the bottom of an
artificial lake was upheaved.... The cracks and fissures, of which there are many, run mostly
north and south, and vary in length up to 100 feet, and in width from 0.5 inch or less to 20
inches. While a good many of the openings were parallel to the slopes and were caused by the
ground starting to slide, others crost the roads and could be traced some distance up the banks.
A board fence was splintered where it crost a fissure. The upheaval of the lake was caused by a
closing together of sides, shown by the heaving up of parts of the retaining dam at the lower end
of the lake. The rise of the bottom is roughly 10 feet." (Lawson and others, 1908, p. 275)
A 10-acre slide dammed the creek at Eva station until the water crossed the railroad tracks
following a new raised channel. (Santa Cruz Morning Sentinel, April 26, 1906, p. 8)
A "huge earth slide dammed the creek at Eva station, creating a natural lake that blocked all
[railroad] travel...for months." It took until December to remove the slide and lake. (Young,
1979, p. 29)
The railroad between Alma and Wrights was impassable due to several landslides and boulders
on the tracks. (Santa Cruz Morning Sentinel, April 26, 1906, p. 8)
A landslide dammed Los Gatos Creek at the News Letter ranch, forming a lake with depth
ranging from 50 to 100 feet. (Santa Cruz Morning Sentinel, May 1, 1906, p. 2)
2
�Patchin to Wrights
"On the ridge road, about 5 miles northwest of Wright Station, the fault again
shows slightly in a few 2-inch cracks.... Going down the slope from here to
Wright, the cracks rapidly become larger. ...At Patchin, 3 miles west of Wright
Station, there are fissures over a foot wide trending mainly in the direct line of the
fault (S. 33degree E.). Several stretches of numerous small cracks alternating with
a few long continuous fissures, mark the course from Patchin to Wright Station."
(Lawson and others, 1908, p. 109-110)
"Just north of Wright's Station, on the west bank of Los Gatos Creek, there was a
landslide 0.5 mile wide which had slid into the creek and dammed it. The top of
this slide was near the Summit school-house and was close to the main fault-line."
(Lawson and others, 1098, p. 276)
"The main fault fracture is about 500 feet northeast of the [Summit] hotel, and a
secondary crack close to it had a downthrow of from 5 to 7 feet on the north or
downhill side. The crack was about 4 feet downhill from its original position
toward the northeast." Just below the Summit school-house was the headscarp of
the landslide that dammed Los Gatos Creek near Wright Station. (Lawson and
others, 1908, p. 275-276)
"At Freely's place, 4 or 5 miles north of Morrell's some 15 acres of woodland
have slid into Los Gatos Creek, making a large pond. There are many other slides
in the neighborhood and many broken trees." (Lawson and others, 1908, p. 278)
"Into this [Los Gatos] creek, from the Freely ranch, some ten acres of land was
thrown in a great landslide. At the head of the creek is the long tunnel which cuts
under the saddle, from Wright's to Laurel." (Jordan, 1907, p. 27)
Wrights
Wrights to Laurel
"Landslides were abundant, especially in the Santa Cruz Mountains, where the
topography is more rugged. One slide, a few miles from Wright's Station,
involved eight to ten acres of ground." (Carey, 1906, p. 297)
"Large fissures and ridges" formed in the ground at Wrights. (Santa Cruz Evening
Sentinel, April 21, 1906, p. 2)
The Wrights to Laurel railroad tunnel collapsed in the earthquake just hours
before the planned inaugural run of the first standard gauge train along this
previously narrow gauge line. Where the tunnel crosses the summit it was offset
laterally five feet. Almost all other railroad tunnels in the Santa Cruz Mountains
suffered some collapse or were blocked by slides at their entrances. (Payne, 1978,
p. 49)
The Wrights to Laurel railroad tunnel cracked in middle and settled several inches
out of line. (Young, 1979, p. 38-39)
Laurel to Glenwood
"The tunnel floors have raised as much as three to four feet in places...." (Santa
Cruz Morning Sentinel, April 26, 1906, p. 8)
Minor slides blocked the Glenwood-Laurel tunnel. (Young, 1979, p. 39-39)
Four hundred feet of tunnel #3 between Laurel and Glenwood caved-in. (Santa
Cruz Evening Sentinel, April 19, 1906, p. 5)
3
�Morrell Ranch
Burrell
Burrell [Laurel] Creek
Highland
Skyland
"The Morrell ranch is located 1 mile south of Wright's Station.... The house itself
was built exactly upon a fissure, which opened up under the house at the time of
the earthquake. The house was completely wrecked, being torn in two pieces and
thrown from its foundation.... There was an apparent downthrow upon the
northeast side of the fault, as seen in the orchard; but under the house the vertical
movement was not so apparent. ...The fence and road near the house were crost
by the fault and showed an offset which indicated a relative movement of the
southwest side toward the southeast. ...The "splintering" of the main fracture
raised a long, low ridge across which a creek had been forced to cut its way thru a
vertical distance of 1.5 feet to get down to its original level." (Lawson and others,
1908, p. 276-277)
"The earthquake crack past thru [the Morrell] ranch, a branch of it going under
the house. The main body of the house was thrown to the east, away from the
crack, the ground there slumping several feet and the house being almost totally
wrecked. All thru the orchard the rows of trees are shifted about 6 feet, those on
the east side being farther north, and the east side, which is downhill, seems to
have fallen. The crack is largely open and in one place is filled with water. This
should be attributed to slumping. A little farther on, the crack passes thru a grassy
hill on which there is no slumping. The Morrells say that this hill has been raised.
What appears to be the fact is that the east side of the hill overrides the other. The
whole top of the hill is more or less cracked for a width of about 10 feet. The east
side is a little higher than the west side, and it looks as though the hill had been
shoved together and raised, the east overriding. About 1 mile beyond Morrell's
house, at the end of the ranch, there is a blacksmith shop, and the road is crost by
the crack. Here there is a break of 3 or 4 feet like a waterfall, the east side being
the lower; but this is part, I take it, of the general slumping of the east side of the
crack where it stands near the ravine above Wright. Morrell's place is right over
the Wright tunnel, the tunnel and the rocks near by being finely broken rock and
very much subject to slides and other breaks." (Lawson and others, 1908, 277278)
"In the Burrell district there is one fissure in the hillside fully 3 feet wide. This
crossed the road and tumbled Ingraham's store building into the gulch." (Santa
Cruz Morning Sentinel, April 24, 1906, p. 7)
"Near the Burrell school-house, 1.5 miles southeast of Wright Station, a crack
extends across the road by a blacksmith shop and shows a downthrow of four feet
on the northeast." (Lawson and others, 1908, p. 276)
"Gulches appear to have been contracted as the bridges crossing them show that
they were squeezed. The banks of Burrell Creek appear to have approached each
other, so that the creek has become very much narrowed. Water pipes were
broken and twisted, and filled with dirt." (Lawson and others, 1908, p. 276)
"Half a mile to the northwest of the [Beecher] house [on Loma Prieta Avenue], a
fissure 2 feet wide appeared.... The fissure runs from north to south, and the earth
was piled up on the west side from 2 to 4 feet high across the road. On Highland,
a mile to the west, a fissure 5 feet was opened at an elevation of 2,500 feet."
(Lawson and others, 1908, p. 276)
"Large landslides occurred in the neighborhood." (Lawson and others, 1908, p.
278)
4
�"The road between the King and Crane places has slid into the orchard below."
(Santa Cruz Evening Sentinel, April 21, 1906, p. 4)
"There seems to have been a narrow strip, about two miles wide, east of Skyland,
with Skyland as the center, where hardly a building remains standing or
unbroken. ..."One section of road of about 3 miles long is hardly without a
crack.... At one place in the road it has been lifted fully 5 feet." The road was still
impassable after three days of heavy work by a crew of 6 men. (Santa Cruz
Morning Sentinel, April 24, 1906, p. 7)
"...the cracks run up over the ridge just west of Skyland. Large fissures show in
the orchards and fields on the eastern side of the ridge, but are not so evident on
the western slope. Here instead, great landslides occurred, and redwoods were
snapt off or uprooted." (Lawson and others, 1908, p. 110)
"The slides which obliterated Fern Gulch at Skyland...lie to the west of the crack
[fault]." (Lawson and others, 1908, p. 278)
"On the western slopes of the ridge just west of Skyland, several earth-avalanches
were caused by the shock; and great slides of a similar character occurred on both
sides of Aptos Creek for 0.75 mile. Besides these, there were many smaller earthavalanches in many parts of the Santa Cruz Mountains which cannot be
enumerated." (Lawson and others, 1908, p. 389-390)
"About Four Miles South "The ridge...was full of cracks, ranging up to 2 and 3 feet in width, and in length
of Wright Station"
from a few rods to 0.25 mile, all trending west of north to northwest. ...The
[probably near Laurel
canyon south of use was filled with landslides. In this canyon the stratification of
township]
the rocks is plainly shown. The strike is northwest-southeast and the dip is almost
vertical. Cold water was flowing from some of the cracks." (Lawson and others,
1908, p. 278)
San Jose-Soquel Road
San Jose-Soquel road suffered extensive damage in the earthquake, but was
reopened by July 4, 1906. (Payne, 1978, p. 17)
Redwood Lodge Road
The earthquake "severely damaged Redwood Lodge Road and workmen took
until June, 1906 to complete repairs." (Payne, 1978, p. 17)
Upper Soquel Creek
A newspaper article of May 7, 1906 reported an eyewitness story that the
headwaters of Soquel Creek were dammed by two landslides, forming a pond 100
feet deep. The upper Soquel Creek basin was reported ravaged by fallen trees and
boulders as well as "great fissures and landslides. ...The roads were gone and in
their stead were chaotic masses of debris from the hillsides." An article of May 9
corrected the account after the site was visited by another eyewitness. This second
account claims the damming of the creek resulted not from landslides but from an
upward vertical displacement of the creek bed of from 5 to 30 feet in places. The
pond averaged 15 feet in depth not exceeding 20 feet. Many fissures in the ground
near Soquel Creek were "now largely filled in." (Santa Cruz Evening Sentinel,
May 7, 1906, p. 1, and May 9, 1906, p. 1)
Hinckley Creek (Olive
"The mountains are said to have come together and 17 lives...lost." [9 were
Springs)
actually killed.] (Santa Cruz Evening Sentinel, April 18, 1906, p. 1, and April 19,
1906, p. 7)
With the first severe shock of the earthquake, a landslide 500 feet wide, extending
5
�up to the ridgetop, descended with "extraordinary speed," burying the Loma
Prieta lumber mill under a mass of rock and trees of "about 100 feet in depth at
the worst places and gradually diminishing at the edges of 25 feet." Nine men
were buried instantly while others, only several hundred feet away, were spared.
"The mountainside where the land fell was swept bare of vegetation. Massive
redwoods and pines were jammed on top of the mill in the gulch below. ...The
landslide filled the water course. The stream was dammed and the water rose to a
depth of sixty feet in the gulch. A pump was set to working and the water is now
being used to wash away the earth from the machinery." Hundreds were involved
in a massive digging effort in the following week, but only three bodies had been
discovered by five days later. [More than a year passed before the last body was
finally removed from the debris.] (Santa Cruz Morning Sentinel, April 26, 1906,
p. 1)
The mill was buried under 60 feet of earth and trees, whereas the nearby
bunkhouse, where nine men were sleeping, was buried under 10 to 15 feet of
debris. (Patten, 1969, p. 79) A second slide occurred during an aftershock at 11
p.m., April 19 interfering with rescue efforts. (Santa Cruz Evening Sentinel, April
21, 1906, p. 2)
"Near Olive Springs, 12 miles north of Santa Cruz, an earth-avalanche
demolished Loma Prieta Mill and killed several men." (Lawson and others, 1908,
p. 389)
"At Santa Cruz the inhabitants reported that near Olive Springs, 12 miles north of
Santa Cruz, a landslide demolished Loma Prieta Mill and killed 9 men." (Lawson
and others, 1908, p. 271) "...the [fault] crack goes into Hinckley's Gulch, in which
the Loma Prieta Mills are situated, and which are buried under the slides."
(Lawson and others, 1908, p. 278)
"On the northern side of Bridge Creek Canyon there are typical cracks from 1 to 8
inches wide, and here also occurred a great landslide which buried the Loma
Prieta Mill." (Lawson and others, 1908, p. 110)
"Wreck of Loma Prieta Sawmill, Hinckley's Gulch, Santa Cruz County." (Jordan,
1907, p. 30) [Picture caption]
"Site of Loma Prieta Sawmill, covered to a depth of 125 feet." (Jordan, 1907, p.
31) [Picture caption]
"Loma Prieta Lumber Company's Mill. The mill, boarding house and other
building of the plant were situated in a gulch, and were overwhelmed by a portion
of the mountain--1500 feet long, 400 feet wide and 100 feet deep which slid down
upon them. The mill and everything in the gulch were forced up the opposite
slope of the mountain and there buried to a depth of one hundred feet. Pine and
redwood trees 100 feet high came down with the slide and are now standing over
the mill site as though they had grown there. Nine men were killed." (Salinas
Daily Index, April 25, 1906, p. 3)
"LOMA PRIETA CO'S LOSS. When the earthquake occurred yesterday morning
6
�Castle Rock Ridge
Deer Creek (Grizzly
Rock--northeast of
Boulder Creek)
it caused a large mountain of earth to slide into the canyon and completely
covering the new mill. Continuing its course up the mountain on the other side it
covered what is known as the bunk house and buried ten men, who were asleep at
the time." (Salinas Daily Index, April 19, 1906, p. 3)
"A small landslide had moved across the road [8 miles north of Boulder Creek]
which 20 men spent one and a half days clearing away. ...Up the road to the
summit of Castle Rock Ridge no slides or cracks were observed." (Lawson and
others, 1908, p. 268)
An extensive landslide descending from the eastern side of the valley buried the
Deer Creek shingle mill, houses, trees, etc. Two people were killed. The site of
the mill was estimated to be under 50 to 100 feet of earth. The slide apparently
had two lobes, one moving to the west and the other to the east. A witness
watched as large redwoods on the slide mass performed "all kinds of acrobatic
feats." "Where formerly there was high hills and wooded lawns nothing now
remains but a wide level stretch over a mile long and covered with the protruding
tops of trees." (Santa Cruz Evening Sentinel, April 19, 1906, p. 4)
An article reprinted from the "Mountain Echo" said that the crest of a spur ridge
off of the main mountain summit northeast of Deer Creek failed and "swept in a
semi-circular pathway of destruction for three-fourths of a mile toward Deer
Creek. A fine redwood forest in its pathway, and the property of Isaiah Hartman
of this place, was swept down like grain before the reaper. ...It was many minutes
after the heavy series of earthquake shocks...that the avalanche was discovered to
be approaching with the mighty roar of crashing timber and grinding rocks. When
first seen it was over a quarter of a mile away across a flat country and no one
dreamed it could reach the mill. It however, swept onward in a bending course
with a solid wall of earth and redwood trees fifty of sixty feet high.... The mill
cabins were crushed like eggshells and buried in the debris while the mill itself
disappeared under the moving wall." One person was killed at the mill, while
another was killed at a different site on the other side of a ridge one-half mile to
the east. (Santa Cruz Evening Sentinel, April 23, 1906, p. 1)
In a report of a visit to the site of the Deer Creek slide two months later, the base
of the slide was encountered a half mile above the Santa Clara Lumber Co. mill
near the site of a new shingle mill. An eyewitness to the slide said it took less than
a minute for the slide to move from its origin 400 feet above and half a mile
distant down onto the old shingle mill. The slide descended a winding gulch
carrying a huge mass of rock, soil and large trees. (Santa Cruz Evening Sentinel,
June 21, 1906, p. 5)
"On Deer Creek, in the Santa Cruz Mountains, an extensive earth-avalanche
started near Grizzly Rock and moved westward down a steep, narrow canyon for
about 0.25 mile. (Plates 124D and 125A.) It then changed its course thru an angle
of about 60degree as it entered a wider canyon of lower grade, and following this
for another 0.25 mile, finally stopt at the Hoffmann Shingle Mill, which was
wrecked. A fine growth of redwood, some 200 feet in height, was mowed down,
and covered to the extent of 10 acres or more with from 30 to 60 feet of debris.
The trees were from 3 to 10 feet in diameter. The main canyon was filled with
earth and rock for an average width of 80 yards and a length of 400 yards. The
entire area of the slide was about 25 acres. The difference in altitude between the
7
�point where the slide started and the shingle mill where it stopt, is 500 feet.
According to Mr. G. A. Waring, the slide material has a depth of 300 feet and is
composed of soil, clay, and shale. Mr. E. P. Carey, who examined and
photographed this interesting earth-avalanche, states that it originated in rock that
broke away in pieces from the steeply inclined slope at the head of the gulch,
leaving a large theater-like space, the bare, light-colored rock walls of which were
in sharp contrast with the surrounding green vegetation. The movement was faster
in the center or deepest part of the gorge than on the margins. The rock was in
general piled up higher along both sides than in the center, and many pieces
became entangled in the standing or uprooted trees. A steep-walled tributary to
the southeast of the main gulch supplied rock material to the main avalanche, and
the 2 streams joined much as confluent glaciers do. The material involved in the
avalanche showed every gradation from powder to angular pieces 30 feet or more
in diameter. The surface was uneven throughout. Near the mill a man was killed
by a tree that fell as the avalanche was advancing." (Lawson and others, 1908, p.
388)
Bear Creek (NE of
Boulder Creek)
Cauley [Connely?]
Gulch
Grizzly Rock
"On Deer Creek a large landslide started from near Grizzly Rock and slid
westward, but changed its direction 60degree or more farther down toward the
creek. The mill in the creek bottom below the slide was partly buried, and one
man was killed. It is 500 feet from the mill in the gulch to the top, at the point
where the slide started. The slide covered about 25 acres of ground, and destroyed
a lot of virgin timber from 3 to 10 feet in diameter. The slide materials, which is
300 feet deep, is composed of soil, clay, and shale." (Lawson and others, 1908, p.
267)
"On Bear Creek... a smaller slide [than the Deer Creek slide] had moved a few
hundred feet, buried a hut, and killed one man. According to reports of men in
this region, only a minute elapsed after the beginning of the earthquake before the
slide was over. Down in the valley no cracks or other evidence of disturbance
could be seen." (Lawson and others, 1908, p. 267)
"Mr. Carey also reports another earth-avalanche located on the Petty ranch, about
4 miles southeast of the one just described [Deer Creek landslide]. Here a huge
rock mass, which embraces an area of about 12 acres at the headwaters of Cauley
Gulch, broke away from a ledge and dropt, leaving a vertical scarp of 40 feet or
more. The rock mass in this case was not shattered. It practically maintained its
integrity. The narrow gulch below was unfavorable for free downward movement.
As the block readjusted itself, its upper surface became nearly level, but was
lower at the foot of the scarp than at its outer edge, thus indicating that it had
suffered rotation." (Lawson and others, 1908, p. 388)
"The whole ridge west of the reservoirs [about 2 miles south of Congress Springs]
was severely shaken, however, for cracks 4 or 5 inches wide opened near Grizzly
Rock and several large slides occurred in its neighborhood. One water-pipe
running north and south on the Beatty place was broken, while one trending east
and west was unhurt. No cracks were found crossing the ridge between Grizzly
Rock and White Rock. The cracks were next found on the road about a mile east
of B.M. 2135 of the U.S. Geological Survey, but they do not show in the vineyard
to the southeast." (Lawson and others, 1908, p. 109)
8
�Original References Cited
Carey, E. P., 1906, The great fault of California and the San Francisco earthquake, April 18, 1906: Jour.
Geography, v. 5, no. 7, p. 289-301.
Jordan, D. S., ed., 1907, The California earthquake of 1906: San Francisco, A. M. Robertson, 360 p.
Lawson, A. C., and others, 1908, The California earthquake of April 18, 1906: Report of the California State
Earthquake Investigation Commission: Washington, D. C., Carnegie Institution, Publication 87 (reprint edition),
2 vols.
Patten, P. B., 1969, Oh, that reminds me...: Felton, Calif., Big Trees Press.
Payne, S. M., 1978, A howling wilderness, a history of the Summit Road area of the Santa Cruz Mountains
1850-1906: Santa Cruz, Calif., Loma Prieta Publishing Company.
Salinas Daily Index: Salinas, Calif., April 19, 1906, p. 3 and April 25, 1906, p. 3.
Santa Cruz Evening Sentinel: Santa Cruz, Calif. (various articles, see entries in text).
Santa Cruz Morning Sentinel: Santa Cruz, Calif. (various articles, see entries in text).
Young, John, V., 1979, Ghost towns of the Santa Cruz Mountains: Santa Cruz, Calif., Paper Vision Pres
Source
Geologic Hazards in the Summit Ridge Area of the Santa Cruz Mountains, Santa Cruz County, California,
evaluated in response to the October 17, 1989, Loma Prieta Earthquake: Report of the Technical Advisory
Group. U.S. Geological Survey. San Francisco: U.S. Army, 1991, pp. 33-43.
It is the library’s intent to provide accurate information, however, it is not possible for the library to completely
verify the accuracy of all information. If you believe that factual statements in a local history article are
incorrect and can provide documentation, please contact the library.
9
�
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Pre-1989 Landslides and Landslide Hazard Mapping in the Summit Ridge Area of the Santa Cruz Mountains
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Santa Cruz Mountains
Earthquakes
Landslides
Summit
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U.S Geological Survey
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Geologic Hazards in the Summit Ridge Area of the Santa Cruz Mountains, Santa Cruz County, California, evaluated in response to the October 17, 1989, Loma Prieta Earthquake: Report of the Technical Advisory Group. U.S. Geological Survey. San Francisco: U.S. Army, 1991, pp. 33-43.
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1991
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Disasters and Accidents
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Local News Index
Description
An account of the resource
An index to newspaper and periodical articles from a variety of Santa Cruz publications.
It is a collection of over 87,000 articles, primarily from the <em>Santa Cruz Sentinel</em>, that have been clipped and filed in subject folders. While these articles of local interest range in date from the early 1900's to the present, most of the collection and clipped articles are after roughly 1960. There is an ongoing project to scan the complete articles and include them in this collection.<br /><br />Also included are more than 350 full-text local newspaper articles on films and movie-making and on the Japanese-American internment.<br /><br /> In addition, this is an online index for births, deaths, and personal names from <em>The Mountain Echo.</em> The complete print index is available at the library. For more information see <a href="https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/items/show/134957#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0">The Mountain Echo</a>.
Most of the indexed articles are available on microfilm in the Californiana Room or in the clipping files in the Local History Room at the Downtown branch. Copies of individual articles may be available by contacting the Reference Department - <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/contact/">Ask Us.<br /><br /></a>
<p></p>
While there is some overlap between this index and <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/historic_newspaper_index/">the Historic Newspaper Index</a><a> (approximately 1856-1960), they are different databases and are searched separately.</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Santa Cruz Public Libraries
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LN-30608
Title
A name given to the resource
Slide on Schroeder Farm During Storm
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1906-01-20
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<i>Mountain Echo</i> 1906-01-20: page 3 column 1
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1900s
Language
A language of the resource
en
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
NEWS
DOCUMENT
Subject
The topic of the resource
Trials-Assault and Battery
Landslides
Farms
C. J. Schroeder
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Local News Index
Description
An account of the resource
An index to newspaper and periodical articles from a variety of Santa Cruz publications.
It is a collection of over 87,000 articles, primarily from the <em>Santa Cruz Sentinel</em>, that have been clipped and filed in subject folders. While these articles of local interest range in date from the early 1900's to the present, most of the collection and clipped articles are after roughly 1960. There is an ongoing project to scan the complete articles and include them in this collection.<br /><br />Also included are more than 350 full-text local newspaper articles on films and movie-making and on the Japanese-American internment.<br /><br /> In addition, this is an online index for births, deaths, and personal names from <em>The Mountain Echo.</em> The complete print index is available at the library. For more information see <a href="https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/items/show/134957#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0">The Mountain Echo</a>.
Most of the indexed articles are available on microfilm in the Californiana Room or in the clipping files in the Local History Room at the Downtown branch. Copies of individual articles may be available by contacting the Reference Department - <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/contact/">Ask Us.<br /><br /></a>
<p></p>
While there is some overlap between this index and <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/historic_newspaper_index/">the Historic Newspaper Index</a><a> (approximately 1856-1960), they are different databases and are searched separately.</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Santa Cruz Public Libraries
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LN-23558
Title
A name given to the resource
Turnpiking of several roads
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1882-04-15
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<i>Santa Cruz Sentinel</i> 1882-04-15: page 3 column 5
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1880s
Language
A language of the resource
en
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
NEWS
DOCUMENT
Subject
The topic of the resource
Landslides
Roads and Streets-Toll
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Local News Index
Description
An account of the resource
An index to newspaper and periodical articles from a variety of Santa Cruz publications.
It is a collection of over 87,000 articles, primarily from the <em>Santa Cruz Sentinel</em>, that have been clipped and filed in subject folders. While these articles of local interest range in date from the early 1900's to the present, most of the collection and clipped articles are after roughly 1960. There is an ongoing project to scan the complete articles and include them in this collection.<br /><br />Also included are more than 350 full-text local newspaper articles on films and movie-making and on the Japanese-American internment.<br /><br /> In addition, this is an online index for births, deaths, and personal names from <em>The Mountain Echo.</em> The complete print index is available at the library. For more information see <a href="https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/items/show/134957#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0">The Mountain Echo</a>.
Most of the indexed articles are available on microfilm in the Californiana Room or in the clipping files in the Local History Room at the Downtown branch. Copies of individual articles may be available by contacting the Reference Department - <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/contact/">Ask Us.<br /><br /></a>
<p></p>
While there is some overlap between this index and <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/historic_newspaper_index/">the Historic Newspaper Index</a><a> (approximately 1856-1960), they are different databases and are searched separately.</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Santa Cruz Public Libraries
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Paper
Notes
Additional notes
Roads
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LN-23505
Title
A name given to the resource
Opening of Maclay's Turnpike
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1871-06-10
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<i>Santa Cruz Sentinel</i> 1871-06-10: page 2 column 3
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1870s
Language
A language of the resource
en
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
NEWS
DOCUMENT
Subject
The topic of the resource
Landslides
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Local News Index
Description
An account of the resource
An index to newspaper and periodical articles from a variety of Santa Cruz publications.
It is a collection of over 87,000 articles, primarily from the <em>Santa Cruz Sentinel</em>, that have been clipped and filed in subject folders. While these articles of local interest range in date from the early 1900's to the present, most of the collection and clipped articles are after roughly 1960. There is an ongoing project to scan the complete articles and include them in this collection.<br /><br />Also included are more than 350 full-text local newspaper articles on films and movie-making and on the Japanese-American internment.<br /><br /> In addition, this is an online index for births, deaths, and personal names from <em>The Mountain Echo.</em> The complete print index is available at the library. For more information see <a href="https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/items/show/134957#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0">The Mountain Echo</a>.
Most of the indexed articles are available on microfilm in the Californiana Room or in the clipping files in the Local History Room at the Downtown branch. Copies of individual articles may be available by contacting the Reference Department - <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/contact/">Ask Us.<br /><br /></a>
<p></p>
While there is some overlap between this index and <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/historic_newspaper_index/">the Historic Newspaper Index</a><a> (approximately 1856-1960), they are different databases and are searched separately.</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Santa Cruz Public Libraries
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LN-23000
Title
A name given to the resource
Notice to Spanish settlers
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1859-03-19
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<i>Pacific Sentinel</i> 1859-03-19: page 2 column 4
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1850s
Language
A language of the resource
en
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
NEWS
DOCUMENT
Subject
The topic of the resource
Landslides
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Local News Index
Description
An account of the resource
An index to newspaper and periodical articles from a variety of Santa Cruz publications.
It is a collection of over 87,000 articles, primarily from the <em>Santa Cruz Sentinel</em>, that have been clipped and filed in subject folders. While these articles of local interest range in date from the early 1900's to the present, most of the collection and clipped articles are after roughly 1960. There is an ongoing project to scan the complete articles and include them in this collection.<br /><br />Also included are more than 350 full-text local newspaper articles on films and movie-making and on the Japanese-American internment.<br /><br /> In addition, this is an online index for births, deaths, and personal names from <em>The Mountain Echo.</em> The complete print index is available at the library. For more information see <a href="https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/items/show/134957#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0">The Mountain Echo</a>.
Most of the indexed articles are available on microfilm in the Californiana Room or in the clipping files in the Local History Room at the Downtown branch. Copies of individual articles may be available by contacting the Reference Department - <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/contact/">Ask Us.<br /><br /></a>
<p></p>
While there is some overlap between this index and <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/historic_newspaper_index/">the Historic Newspaper Index</a><a> (approximately 1856-1960), they are different databases and are searched separately.</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Santa Cruz Public Libraries
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LN-20810
Title
A name given to the resource
Personal history
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1867-06-15
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<i>Santa Cruz Sentinel</i> 1867-06-15: page 2 column 3
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1860s
Language
A language of the resource
en
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
NEWS
DOCUMENT
Subject
The topic of the resource
Landslides
Mr. Martin
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Local News Index
Description
An account of the resource
An index to newspaper and periodical articles from a variety of Santa Cruz publications.
It is a collection of over 87,000 articles, primarily from the <em>Santa Cruz Sentinel</em>, that have been clipped and filed in subject folders. While these articles of local interest range in date from the early 1900's to the present, most of the collection and clipped articles are after roughly 1960. There is an ongoing project to scan the complete articles and include them in this collection.<br /><br />Also included are more than 350 full-text local newspaper articles on films and movie-making and on the Japanese-American internment.<br /><br /> In addition, this is an online index for births, deaths, and personal names from <em>The Mountain Echo.</em> The complete print index is available at the library. For more information see <a href="https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/items/show/134957#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0">The Mountain Echo</a>.
Most of the indexed articles are available on microfilm in the Californiana Room or in the clipping files in the Local History Room at the Downtown branch. Copies of individual articles may be available by contacting the Reference Department - <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/contact/">Ask Us.<br /><br /></a>
<p></p>
While there is some overlap between this index and <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/historic_newspaper_index/">the Historic Newspaper Index</a><a> (approximately 1856-1960), they are different databases and are searched separately.</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Santa Cruz Public Libraries
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Paper
Notes
Additional notes
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LN-17607
Title
A name given to the resource
Details of Comstock Rd. law suit
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1886-09-07
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<i>Santa Cruz Daily Surf</i> 1886-09-07: page 3 column 3
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1880s
Language
A language of the resource
en
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
NEWS
DOCUMENT
Subject
The topic of the resource
Landslides
Roads and Streets
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Local News Index
Description
An account of the resource
An index to newspaper and periodical articles from a variety of Santa Cruz publications.
It is a collection of over 87,000 articles, primarily from the <em>Santa Cruz Sentinel</em>, that have been clipped and filed in subject folders. While these articles of local interest range in date from the early 1900's to the present, most of the collection and clipped articles are after roughly 1960. There is an ongoing project to scan the complete articles and include them in this collection.<br /><br />Also included are more than 350 full-text local newspaper articles on films and movie-making and on the Japanese-American internment.<br /><br /> In addition, this is an online index for births, deaths, and personal names from <em>The Mountain Echo.</em> The complete print index is available at the library. For more information see <a href="https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/items/show/134957#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0">The Mountain Echo</a>.
Most of the indexed articles are available on microfilm in the Californiana Room or in the clipping files in the Local History Room at the Downtown branch. Copies of individual articles may be available by contacting the Reference Department - <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/contact/">Ask Us.<br /><br /></a>
<p></p>
While there is some overlap between this index and <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/historic_newspaper_index/">the Historic Newspaper Index</a><a> (approximately 1856-1960), they are different databases and are searched separately.</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Santa Cruz Public Libraries
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Paper
Notes
Additional notes
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LN-17395
Title
A name given to the resource
Special fares for Teachers Meeting
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1888-07-11
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<i>Santa Cruz Daily Surf</i> 1888-07-11: page 3 column 1
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1880s
Language
A language of the resource
en
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
NEWS
DOCUMENT
Subject
The topic of the resource
Landslides
Schools-Teachers
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Local News Index
Description
An account of the resource
An index to newspaper and periodical articles from a variety of Santa Cruz publications.
It is a collection of over 87,000 articles, primarily from the <em>Santa Cruz Sentinel</em>, that have been clipped and filed in subject folders. While these articles of local interest range in date from the early 1900's to the present, most of the collection and clipped articles are after roughly 1960. There is an ongoing project to scan the complete articles and include them in this collection.<br /><br />Also included are more than 350 full-text local newspaper articles on films and movie-making and on the Japanese-American internment.<br /><br /> In addition, this is an online index for births, deaths, and personal names from <em>The Mountain Echo.</em> The complete print index is available at the library. For more information see <a href="https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/items/show/134957#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0">The Mountain Echo</a>.
Most of the indexed articles are available on microfilm in the Californiana Room or in the clipping files in the Local History Room at the Downtown branch. Copies of individual articles may be available by contacting the Reference Department - <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/contact/">Ask Us.<br /><br /></a>
<p></p>
While there is some overlap between this index and <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/historic_newspaper_index/">the Historic Newspaper Index</a><a> (approximately 1856-1960), they are different databases and are searched separately.</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Santa Cruz Public Libraries
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Paper
Notes
Additional notes
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LN-16513
Title
A name given to the resource
Watsonville home gone
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1900-11-24
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<i>Santa Cruz Daily Surf</i> 1900-11-24: page 4 column 2
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1900s
Language
A language of the resource
en
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
NEWS
DOCUMENT
Subject
The topic of the resource
Landslides
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Local News Index
Description
An account of the resource
An index to newspaper and periodical articles from a variety of Santa Cruz publications.
It is a collection of over 87,000 articles, primarily from the <em>Santa Cruz Sentinel</em>, that have been clipped and filed in subject folders. While these articles of local interest range in date from the early 1900's to the present, most of the collection and clipped articles are after roughly 1960. There is an ongoing project to scan the complete articles and include them in this collection.<br /><br />Also included are more than 350 full-text local newspaper articles on films and movie-making and on the Japanese-American internment.<br /><br /> In addition, this is an online index for births, deaths, and personal names from <em>The Mountain Echo.</em> The complete print index is available at the library. For more information see <a href="https://history.santacruzpl.org/omeka/items/show/134957#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0">The Mountain Echo</a>.
Most of the indexed articles are available on microfilm in the Californiana Room or in the clipping files in the Local History Room at the Downtown branch. Copies of individual articles may be available by contacting the Reference Department - <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/contact/">Ask Us.<br /><br /></a>
<p></p>
While there is some overlap between this index and <a href="https://www.santacruzpl.org/historic_newspaper_index/">the Historic Newspaper Index</a><a> (approximately 1856-1960), they are different databases and are searched separately.</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Santa Cruz Public Libraries
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LN-16512
Title
A name given to the resource
Statue sold to junkman
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1900-12-10
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<i>Santa Cruz Daily Surf</i> 1900-12-10: page 4 column 2
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1900s
Language
A language of the resource
en
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
NEWS
DOCUMENT
Subject
The topic of the resource
Landslides